DETAILED MAPS OF THE UMBRAL PATH

The path of totality has been plotted by hand on a set of eight detailed maps appearing in the last section of this publication. The maps are Global Navigation and Planning Charts or GNC's from the Defense Mapping Agency, which use a Lambert conformal conic projection. More specifically, GNC-12 covers the Middle East and Indian section of the path while GNC-13 covers Southeast Asia and Indonesia. GNC's have a scale of 1:5,000,000 (1 inch ~ 69 nautical miles), which is adequate for showing major cities, highways, airports, rivers, bodies of water and basic topography required for eclipse expedition planning including site selection, transportation logistics and weather contingency strategies.

Northern and southern limits as well as the center line of the path are plotted using Table 7. Although no corrections have been made for center of figure or lunar limb profile, they have little or no effect at this scale. Atmospheric refraction has not been included as its effects play a significant role only at low solar altitudes (<15deg.). In any case, refraction corrections to the path are uncertain since they depend on the atmospheric temperature-pressure profile, which cannot be predicted in advance. If observations from the graze zones are planned, then the path must be plotted on higher scale maps using limb corrections in Table 6. See Plotting the Path on Maps for sources and more information. The GNC paths also depict the curve of maximum eclipse at five minute increments in Universal Time from Table 3.

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