The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 33 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on -1662 May 22. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on -0364 Jul 10. The total duration of Saros series 33 is 1298.17 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = -1662 May 22 07:37:52 TD
Last Eclipse = -0364 Jul 10 00:54:43 TD
Duration of Saros 33 = 1298.17 Years
Saros 33 is composed of 73 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 33 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 73 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 15 | 20.5% |
| Partial | P | 41 | 56.2% |
| Total | T | 17 | 23.3% |
The 73 lunar eclipses in Saros 33 occur in the order of 8N 22P 17T 19P 7N which corresponds to:
8 Penumbral
22 Partial
17 Total
19 Partial
7 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 33 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: -1013 Jun 16 Duration = 01h39m27s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: -0833 Oct 02 Duration = 00h21m46s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: -0815 Oct 12 Duration = 03h07m51s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: -1518 Aug 16 Duration = 00h42m34s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: -0472 May 06 Duration = 04h14m58s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: -1662 May 22 Duration = 00h53m20s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 33 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: -0815 Oct 12 Magnitude = 0.9949
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: -1518 Aug 16 Magnitude = 0.0348
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 33 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -36 -1662 May 22 07:37:52 38600 -45289 Nb h- -1.5444 0.0332 -0.9848 53.3 - -
02 -35 -1644 Jun 01 14:25:07 38201 -45066 N h- -1.4610 0.1846 -0.8302 123.5 - -
03 -34 -1626 Jun 12 21:16:44 37804 -44843 N h- -1.3797 0.3326 -0.6797 162.9 - -
04 -33 -1608 Jun 23 04:13:17 37409 -44620 N h- -1.3009 0.4761 -0.5342 191.5 - -
05 -32 -1590 Jul 04 11:17:24 37016 -44397 N a- -1.2269 0.6111 -0.3977 213.3 - -
06 -31 -1572 Jul 14 18:29:38 36626 -44174 N a- -1.1584 0.7361 -0.2715 230.3 - -
07 -30 -1554 Jul 26 01:50:08 36237 -43951 N a- -1.0957 0.8510 -0.1560 243.9 - -
08 -29 -1536 Aug 05 09:20:52 35850 -43728 N a- -1.0401 0.9528 -0.0538 254.4 - -
09 -28 -1518 Aug 16 17:01:46 35466 -43505 P a- -0.9918 1.0413 0.0348 262.6 42.6 -
10 -27 -1500 Aug 27 00:53:41 35083 -43282 P a- -0.9518 1.1148 0.1084 268.7 74.1 -
11 -26 -1482 Sep 07 08:54:39 34703 -43059 P a- -0.9182 1.1763 0.1699 273.3 91.7 -
12 -25 -1464 Sep 17 17:06:04 34325 -42836 P a- -0.8927 1.2231 0.2167 276.4 102.5 -
13 -24 -1446 Sep 29 01:26:11 33949 -42613 P a- -0.8736 1.2580 0.2518 278.4 109.6 -
14 -23 -1428 Oct 09 09:54:17 33574 -42390 P a- -0.8605 1.2818 0.2762 279.4 114.1 -
15 -22 -1410 Oct 20 18:28:57 33202 -42167 P a- -0.8523 1.2964 0.2916 279.7 116.7 -
16 -21 -1392 Oct 31 03:08:55 32832 -41944 P a- -0.8478 1.3040 0.3006 279.5 118.0 -
17 -20 -1374 Nov 11 11:52:57 32464 -41721 P a- -0.8463 1.3058 0.3042 278.8 118.3 -
18 -19 -1356 Nov 21 20:37:47 32098 -41498 P a- -0.8449 1.3072 0.3080 278.0 118.7 -
19 -18 -1338 Dec 03 05:23:53 31735 -41275 P a- -0.8442 1.3071 0.3108 277.2 118.9 -
20 -17 -1320 Dec 13 14:07:49 31373 -41052 P a- -0.8408 1.3116 0.3187 276.7 120.0 -
21 -16 -1302 Dec 24 22:49:06 31013 -40829 P a- -0.8350 1.3203 0.3312 276.4 121.9 -
22 -15 -1283 Jan 04 07:24:46 30656 -40606 P a- -0.8239 1.3384 0.3536 276.9 125.3 -
23 -14 -1265 Jan 15 15:55:55 30300 -40383 P a- -0.8087 1.3640 0.3837 277.9 129.7 -
24 -13 -1247 Jan 26 00:20:11 29947 -40160 P a- -0.7871 1.4013 0.4259 279.6 135.5 -
25 -12 -1229 Feb 06 08:36:48 29595 -39937 P a- -0.7587 1.4509 0.4803 282.0 142.5 -
26 -11 -1211 Feb 16 16:45:44 29246 -39714 P a- -0.7235 1.5131 0.5473 285.0 150.3 -
27 -10 -1193 Feb 28 00:47:14 28899 -39491 P a- -0.6817 1.5874 0.6263 288.5 158.5 -
28 -09 -1175 Mar 10 08:41:12 28554 -39268 P a- -0.6333 1.6740 0.7174 292.4 167.0 -
29 -08 -1157 Mar 21 16:27:42 28211 -39045 P a- -0.5782 1.7731 0.8205 296.5 175.3 -
30 -07 -1139 Apr 01 00:08:17 27870 -38822 P a- -0.5178 1.8821 0.9333 300.5 183.2 -
31 -06 -1121 Apr 12 07:43:23 27531 -38599 T a- -0.4526 2.0001 1.0543 304.3 190.3 34.3
32 -05 -1103 Apr 22 15:13:16 27194 -38376 T a- -0.3827 2.1270 1.1838 307.9 196.6 60.7
33 -04 -1085 May 03 22:40:07 26859 -38153 T p- -0.3100 2.2594 1.3182 310.9 201.9 76.4
34 -03 -1067 May 14 06:04:35 26526 -37930 T- p- -0.2353 2.3958 1.4559 313.4 206.1 87.0
35 -02 -1049 May 25 13:29:02 26196 -37707 T- p- -0.1603 2.5333 1.5938 315.2 209.0 93.9
36 -01 -1031 Jun 04 20:52:22 25867 -37484 T- pp -0.0842 2.6729 1.7333 316.4 210.9 98.0
37 00 -1013 Jun 16 04:19:04 25541 -37261 T- pp -0.0111 2.8075 1.8671 316.9 211.5 99.5
38 01 -0995 Jun 26 11:47:30 25216 -37038 T+ pp 0.0604 2.7177 1.7758 316.8 211.2 98.6
39 02 -0977 Jul 07 19:21:12 24894 -36815 T+ -p 0.1276 2.5955 1.6516 316.3 209.9 95.8
40 03 -0959 Jul 18 02:58:09 24574 -36592 T+ -p 0.1920 2.4788 1.5322 315.3 207.8 91.1
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 04 -0941 Jul 29 10:43:00 24255 -36369 T+ -p 0.2494 2.3750 1.4251 314.1 205.3 84.8
42 05 -0923 Aug 08 18:33:21 23939 -36146 T -p 0.3019 2.2805 1.3270 312.8 202.3 77.1
43 06 -0905 Aug 20 02:31:31 23625 -35923 T -p 0.3474 2.1990 1.2416 311.4 199.2 68.2
44 07 -0887 Aug 30 10:36:45 23313 -35700 T -p 0.3868 2.1288 1.1672 310.2 196.1 58.1
45 08 -0869 Sep 10 18:50:58 23003 -35477 T -a 0.4184 2.0729 1.1071 309.2 193.4 47.4
46 09 -0851 Sep 21 03:12:08 22695 -35254 T -a 0.4437 2.0287 1.0586 308.5 191.0 35.6
47 10 -0833 Oct 02 11:40:17 22390 -35031 T -a 0.4629 1.9957 1.0214 308.1 189.2 21.8
48 11 -0815 Oct 12 20:14:50 22086 -34808 P -a 0.4762 1.9732 0.9949 308.1 187.9 -
49 12 -0797 Oct 24 04:55:31 21784 -34585 P -a 0.4843 1.9601 0.9782 308.4 187.1 -
50 13 -0779 Nov 03 13:39:43 21485 -34362 P -a 0.4892 1.9528 0.9676 309.0 186.7 -
51 14 -0761 Nov 14 22:27:21 21187 -34139 P -a 0.4910 1.9509 0.9629 309.7 186.8 -
52 15 -0743 Nov 25 07:15:40 20892 -33916 P -a 0.4921 1.9501 0.9598 310.5 186.9 -
53 16 -0725 Dec 06 16:04:30 20598 -33693 P -a 0.4924 1.9505 0.9584 311.3 187.2 -
54 17 -0707 Dec 17 00:49:37 20307 -33470 P -a 0.4955 1.9454 0.9519 311.9 187.2 -
55 18 -0689 Dec 28 09:32:23 20018 -33247 P -a 0.5003 1.9371 0.9427 312.4 187.0 -
56 19 -0670 Jan 07 18:08:41 19731 -33024 P -a 0.5103 1.9190 0.9241 312.5 186.2 -
57 20 -0652 Jan 19 02:38:56 19446 -32801 P -a 0.5247 1.8926 0.8976 312.2 184.9 -
58 21 -0634 Jan 29 10:59:59 19163 -32578 P -a 0.5464 1.8529 0.8579 311.3 182.5 -
59 22 -0616 Feb 09 19:13:26 18882 -32355 P -a 0.5736 1.8028 0.8080 310.0 179.2 -
60 23 -0598 Feb 20 03:16:58 18603 -32132 P -a 0.6088 1.7383 0.7436 307.8 174.3 -
61 24 -0580 Mar 02 11:10:26 18326 -31909 P -a 0.6513 1.6600 0.6655 304.6 167.6 -
62 25 -0562 Mar 13 18:54:07 18052 -31686 P -a 0.7012 1.5685 0.5739 300.4 158.4 -
63 26 -0544 Mar 24 02:28:40 17779 -31463 P -a 0.7578 1.4649 0.4699 294.9 146.2 -
64 27 -0526 Apr 04 09:54:21 17508 -31240 P -a 0.8209 1.3495 0.3538 287.9 129.5 -
65 28 -0508 Apr 14 17:11:18 17240 -31017 P -a 0.8903 1.2228 0.2259 279.0 105.8 -
66 29 -0490 Apr 26 00:21:38 16941 -30794 P -a 0.9640 1.0882 0.0897 268.2 68.2 -
67 30 -0472 May 06 07:25:39 16627 -30571 N -a 1.0418 0.9467 -0.0540 255.0 - -
68 31 -0454 May 17 14:24:22 16321 -30348 N -h 1.1227 0.7996 -0.2038 238.9 - -
69 32 -0436 May 27 21:19:39 16024 -30125 N -h 1.2054 0.6496 -0.3571 219.5 - -
70 33 -0418 Jun 08 04:12:57 15734 -29902 N -h 1.2881 0.4997 -0.5108 196.2 - -
71 34 -0400 Jun 18 11:06:01 15452 -29679 N -h 1.3698 0.3519 -0.6629 167.8 - -
72 35 -0382 Jun 29 17:58:40 15177 -29456 N -h 1.4503 0.2066 -0.8131 130.9 - -
73 36 -0364 Jul 10 00:54:43 14909 -29233 Ne -h 1.5266 0.0693 -0.9557 77.1 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
