The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 82 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on -0208 Sep 21. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1289 Mar 08. The total duration of Saros series 82 is 1496.50 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = -0208 Sep 21 06:02:33 TD
Last Eclipse = 1289 Mar 08 20:39:13 TD
Duration of Saros 82 = 1496.50 Years
Saros 82 is composed of 84 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 82 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 84 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 40 | 47.6% |
| Partial | P | 15 | 17.9% |
| Total | T | 29 | 34.5% |
The 84 lunar eclipses in Saros 82 occur in the order of 20N 8P 29T 7P 20N which corresponds to:
20 Penumbral
8 Partial
29 Total
7 Partial
20 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 82 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 0658 Feb 23 Duration = 01h39m37s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 0802 May 21 Duration = 00h19m55s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0820 May 31 Duration = 03h06m08s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0153 Apr 26 Duration = 00h28m39s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 0946 Aug 15 Duration = 04h14m27s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: -0208 Sep 21 Duration = 00h56m57s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 82 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0279 Jul 11 Magnitude = 0.9573
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0153 Apr 26 Magnitude = 0.0170
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 82 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -48 -0208 Sep 21 06:02:33 12820 -27301 N a- 1.5431 0.0391 -0.9860 57.0 - -
02 -47 -0190 Oct 02 14:08:32 12603 -27078 N a- 1.5148 0.0909 -0.9340 86.2 - -
03 -46 -0172 Oct 12 22:23:19 12389 -26855 N a- 1.4930 0.1306 -0.8937 102.6 - -
04 -45 -0154 Oct 24 06:46:34 12180 -26632 N a- 1.4769 0.1597 -0.8638 112.8 - -
05 -44 -0136 Nov 03 15:15:12 11974 -26409 N a- 1.4645 0.1819 -0.8404 119.7 - -
06 -43 -0118 Nov 14 23:50:14 11772 -26186 N a- 1.4566 0.1955 -0.8250 123.6 - -
07 -42 -0100 Nov 25 08:28:03 11573 -25963 N a- 1.4505 0.2056 -0.8126 126.2 - -
08 -41 -0082 Dec 06 17:08:06 11378 -25740 N a- 1.4457 0.2129 -0.8025 127.9 - -
09 -40 -0064 Dec 17 01:47:22 11185 -25517 N a- 1.4400 0.2216 -0.7904 129.9 - -
10 -39 -0046 Dec 28 10:25:45 10996 -25294 N a- 1.4331 0.2322 -0.7757 132.4 - -
11 -38 -0027 Jan 07 19:00:02 10809 -25071 N a- 1.4227 0.2492 -0.7543 136.4 - -
12 -37 -0009 Jan 19 03:29:54 10625 -24848 N a- 1.4082 0.2732 -0.7254 142.0 - -
13 -36 0009 Jan 29 11:53:50 10443 -24625 N a- 1.3887 0.3065 -0.6869 149.4 - -
14 -35 0027 Feb 09 20:12:05 10263 -24402 N a- 1.3644 0.3484 -0.6397 158.1 - -
15 -34 0045 Feb 20 04:21:53 10085 -24179 N a- 1.3326 0.4040 -0.5786 168.7 - -
16 -33 0063 Mar 03 12:25:21 9908 -23956 N a- 1.2950 0.4701 -0.5070 180.2 - -
17 -32 0081 Mar 13 20:20:42 9734 -23733 N a- 1.2503 0.5494 -0.4223 192.7 - -
18 -31 0099 Mar 25 04:10:45 9560 -23510 N a- 1.2008 0.6377 -0.3289 205.1 - -
19 -30 0117 Apr 04 11:52:04 9387 -23287 N a- 1.1435 0.7404 -0.2213 218.0 - -
20 -29 0135 Apr 15 19:30:01 9215 -23064 N a- 1.0829 0.8494 -0.1079 230.2 - -
21 -28 0153 Apr 26 03:01:22 9044 -22841 P a- 1.0158 0.9705 0.0170 242.3 28.7 -
22 -27 0171 May 07 10:30:52 8873 -22618 P a- 0.9470 1.0952 0.1451 253.3 82.1 -
23 -26 0189 May 17 17:55:32 8702 -22395 P a- 0.8735 1.2287 0.2813 263.7 111.9 -
24 -25 0207 May 29 01:20:47 8531 -22172 P a- 0.8000 1.3624 0.4171 272.9 133.4 -
25 -24 0225 Jun 08 08:44:11 8359 -21949 P a- 0.7244 1.5004 0.5564 281.3 150.6 -
26 -23 0243 Jun 19 16:09:20 8188 -21726 P a- 0.6500 1.6366 0.6934 288.6 164.4 -
27 -22 0261 Jun 29 23:35:54 8016 -21503 P a- 0.5764 1.7717 0.8285 294.8 175.5 -
28 -21 0279 Jul 11 07:06:47 7843 -21280 P a- 0.5060 1.9010 0.9573 300.1 184.3 -
29 -20 0297 Jul 21 14:41:54 7669 -21057 T a- 0.4391 2.0245 1.0796 304.4 191.3 41.2
30 -19 0315 Aug 01 22:22:27 7495 -20834 T p- 0.3765 2.1402 1.1936 308.0 196.7 62.0
31 -18 0333 Aug 12 06:09:39 7320 -20611 T p- 0.3193 2.2463 1.2974 310.8 200.8 74.2
32 -17 0351 Aug 23 14:03:56 7144 -20388 T+ p- 0.2677 2.3422 1.3908 313.0 203.8 82.2
33 -16 0369 Sep 02 22:05:42 6967 -20165 T+ p- 0.2226 2.4265 1.4722 314.8 206.0 87.6
34 -15 0387 Sep 14 06:15:23 6789 -19942 T+ p- 0.1840 2.4989 1.5415 316.2 207.5 91.1
35 -14 0405 Sep 24 14:33:21 6611 -19719 T+ p- 0.1523 2.5586 1.5979 317.3 208.6 93.5
36 -13 0423 Oct 05 22:59:03 6433 -19496 T+ p- 0.1272 2.6064 1.6425 318.2 209.3 94.9
37 -12 0441 Oct 16 07:31:19 6255 -19273 T+ p- 0.1076 2.6439 1.6768 319.0 209.8 95.9
38 -11 0459 Oct 27 16:10:32 6076 -19050 T+ p- 0.0941 2.6702 1.7002 319.7 210.1 96.4
39 -10 0477 Nov 07 00:54:50 5899 -18827 T+ p- 0.0854 2.6876 1.7149 320.3 210.4 96.7
40 -09 0495 Nov 18 09:43:17 5723 -18604 T+ p- 0.0800 2.6985 1.7236 320.9 210.6 96.9
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 -08 0513 Nov 28 18:33:24 5546 -18381 T+ p- 0.0764 2.7060 1.7292 321.5 210.8 97.0
42 -07 0531 Dec 10 03:25:05 5369 -18158 T+ p- 0.0746 2.7102 1.7319 322.0 211.1 97.2
43 -06 0549 Dec 20 12:16:10 5194 -17935 T+ pp 0.0726 2.7142 1.7350 322.6 211.4 97.3
44 -05 0567 Dec 31 21:04:38 5021 -17712 T+ pp 0.0689 2.7213 1.7416 323.1 211.7 97.6
45 -04 0586 Jan 11 05:49:30 4848 -17489 T+ pp 0.0626 2.7329 1.7531 323.7 212.1 97.9
46 -03 0604 Jan 22 14:28:53 4677 -17266 T+ pp 0.0520 2.7523 1.7727 324.4 212.7 98.4
47 -02 0622 Feb 01 23:02:22 4507 -17043 T+ pp 0.0369 2.7797 1.8006 325.0 213.2 98.9
48 -01 0640 Feb 13 07:27:28 4339 -16820 T+ pp 0.0153 2.8190 1.8405 325.7 213.8 99.3
49 00 0658 Feb 23 15:45:20 4172 -16597 T- pp -0.0118 2.8251 1.8473 326.4 214.3 99.6
50 01 0676 Mar 05 23:54:07 4008 -16374 T- pp -0.0460 2.7620 1.7849 327.0 214.6 99.4
51 02 0694 Mar 17 07:54:00 3845 -16151 T- -p -0.0871 2.6863 1.7097 327.3 214.6 98.5
52 03 0712 Mar 27 15:44:25 3684 -15928 T- -p -0.1357 2.5969 1.6206 327.4 214.0 96.3
53 04 0730 Apr 07 23:26:39 3525 -15705 T- -p -0.1904 2.4966 1.5203 327.1 212.7 92.3
54 05 0748 Apr 18 07:01:00 3370 -15482 T- -p -0.2510 2.3857 1.4090 326.2 210.5 85.7
55 06 0766 Apr 29 14:26:51 3216 -15259 T -a -0.3178 2.2635 1.2860 324.7 206.9 75.1
56 07 0784 May 09 21:47:09 3066 -15036 T -a -0.3885 2.1345 1.1555 322.3 201.9 58.0
57 08 0802 May 21 05:01:30 2919 -14813 T -a -0.4636 1.9978 1.0168 318.9 195.0 19.9
58 09 0820 May 31 12:12:24 2775 -14590 P -a -0.5405 1.8579 0.8745 314.5 186.1 -
59 10 0838 Jun 11 19:19:00 2635 -14367 P -a -0.6199 1.7137 0.7270 309.0 174.6 -
60 11 0856 Jun 22 02:25:03 2499 -14144 P -a -0.6989 1.5706 0.5803 302.3 160.3 -
61 12 0874 Jul 03 09:30:34 2366 -13921 P -a -0.7776 1.4285 0.4338 294.6 142.3 -
62 13 0892 Jul 13 16:36:46 2238 -13698 P -a -0.8546 1.2894 0.2900 285.7 119.2 -
63 14 0910 Jul 24 23:45:48 2114 -13475 P -a -0.9284 1.1568 0.1520 275.9 88.4 -
64 15 0928 Aug 04 06:58:24 1994 -13252 P -a -0.9982 1.0315 0.0212 265.4 33.7 -
65 16 0946 Aug 15 14:16:45 1878 -13029 N -a -1.0624 0.9168 -0.0996 254.4 - -
66 17 0964 Aug 25 21:39:04 1767 -12806 N -a -1.1223 0.8101 -0.2126 243.0 - -
67 18 0982 Sep 06 05:09:09 1660 -12583 N -a -1.1749 0.7168 -0.3124 231.8 - -
68 19 1000 Sep 16 12:44:57 1558 -12360 N -a -1.2220 0.6336 -0.4021 220.8 - -
69 20 1018 Sep 27 20:29:00 1461 -12137 N -a -1.2613 0.5647 -0.4774 210.8 - -
70 21 1036 Oct 08 04:18:46 1368 -11914 N -a -1.2952 0.5058 -0.5425 201.5 - -
71 22 1054 Oct 19 12:16:56 1280 -11691 N -a -1.3213 0.4607 -0.5935 194.0 - -
72 23 1072 Oct 29 20:20:03 1197 -11468 N -a -1.3427 0.4243 -0.6354 187.6 - -
73 24 1090 Nov 10 04:28:53 1118 -11245 N -a -1.3586 0.3976 -0.6670 182.7 - -
74 25 1108 Nov 20 12:41:08 1043 -11022 N -a -1.3711 0.3769 -0.6921 178.9 - -
75 26 1126 Dec 01 20:57:03 973 -10799 N -h -1.3794 0.3635 -0.7093 176.5 - -
76 27 1144 Dec 12 05:12:49 907 -10576 N -h -1.3876 0.3500 -0.7258 174.0 - -
77 28 1162 Dec 23 13:28:13 845 -10353 N -h -1.3954 0.3369 -0.7412 171.4 - -
78 29 1181 Jan 02 21:40:36 786 -10130 N -h -1.4048 0.3204 -0.7593 167.9 - -
79 30 1199 Jan 14 05:50:03 732 -9907 N -h -1.4158 0.3006 -0.7799 163.3 - -
80 31 1217 Jan 24 13:51:51 681 -9684 N -t -1.4322 0.2706 -0.8101 155.7 - -
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
81 32 1235 Feb 04 21:47:54 633 -9461 N -t -1.4525 0.2333 -0.8472 145.4 - -
82 33 1253 Feb 15 05:33:59 589 -9238 N -t -1.4801 0.1824 -0.8974 129.4 - -
83 34 1271 Feb 26 13:12:42 547 -9015 N -t -1.5127 0.1219 -0.9568 106.5 - -
84 35 1289 Mar 08 20:39:13 508 -8792 Ne -t -1.5540 0.0455 -1.0319 65.6 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
