The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 83 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on -0197 Aug 22. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 1300 Feb 05. The total duration of Saros series 83 is 1496.50 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = -0197 Aug 22 10:35:52 TD
Last Eclipse = 1300 Feb 05 19:17:56 TD
Duration of Saros 83 = 1496.50 Years
Saros 83 is composed of 84 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 83 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 84 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 44 | 52.4% |
| Partial | P | 14 | 16.7% |
| Total | T | 26 | 31.0% |
The 84 lunar eclipses in Saros 83 occur in the order of 24N 7P 26T 7P 20N which corresponds to:
24 Penumbral
7 Partial
26 Total
7 Partial
20 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 83 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 0669 Jan 23 Duration = 01h44m57s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 0362 Jul 23 Duration = 00h32m01s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0831 Apr 30 Duration = 03h27m46s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0939 Jul 04 Duration = 00h40m12s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 0957 Jul 14 Duration = 04h34m16s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: -0197 Aug 22 Duration = 00h48m27s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 83 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0831 Apr 30 Magnitude = 0.9565
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0939 Jul 04 Magnitude = 0.0269
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 83 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -47 -0197 Aug 22 10:35:52 12688 -27166 Nb a- -1.5282 0.0326 -0.9254 48.5 - -
02 -46 -0179 Sep 01 18:37:09 12473 -26943 N a- -1.4899 0.1051 -0.8574 86.6 - -
03 -45 -0161 Sep 13 02:46:53 12262 -26720 N a- -1.4590 0.1641 -0.8028 107.9 - -
04 -44 -0143 Sep 23 11:04:15 12055 -26497 N a- -1.4344 0.2115 -0.7600 122.2 - -
05 -43 -0125 Oct 04 19:28:33 11851 -26274 N a- -1.4160 0.2476 -0.7283 132.2 - -
06 -42 -0107 Oct 15 03:59:52 11651 -26051 N a- -1.4036 0.2725 -0.7077 138.7 - -
07 -41 -0089 Oct 26 12:36:51 11454 -25828 N a- -1.3961 0.2882 -0.6960 142.9 - -
08 -40 -0071 Nov 05 21:18:58 11261 -25605 N a- -1.3936 0.2947 -0.6933 144.7 - -
09 -39 -0053 Nov 17 06:02:57 11070 -25382 N a- -1.3931 0.2972 -0.6939 145.7 - -
10 -38 -0035 Nov 27 14:50:06 10882 -25159 N a- -1.3958 0.2936 -0.7002 145.3 - -
11 -37 -0017 Dec 08 23:36:28 10697 -24936 N a- -1.3982 0.2904 -0.7057 144.9 - -
12 -36 0001 Dec 19 08:21:56 10514 -24713 N a- -1.4007 0.2866 -0.7112 144.4 - -
13 -35 0019 Dec 30 17:02:45 10334 -24490 N a- -1.4001 0.2883 -0.7107 145.2 - -
14 -34 0038 Jan 10 01:39:57 10155 -24267 N a- -1.3974 0.2938 -0.7061 146.9 - -
15 -33 0056 Jan 21 10:10:15 9978 -24044 N a- -1.3896 0.3083 -0.6920 150.7 - -
16 -32 0074 Jan 31 18:33:21 9802 -23821 N a- -1.3768 0.3319 -0.6686 156.5 - -
17 -31 0092 Feb 12 02:47:35 9628 -23598 N a- -1.3574 0.3675 -0.6331 164.6 - -
18 -30 0110 Feb 22 10:53:24 9455 -23375 N a- -1.3321 0.4139 -0.5866 174.4 - -
19 -29 0128 Mar 04 18:48:56 9283 -23152 N a- -1.2993 0.4741 -0.5263 186.2 - -
20 -28 0146 Mar 16 02:35:11 9111 -22929 N a- -1.2595 0.5471 -0.4534 199.3 - -
21 -27 0164 Mar 26 10:11:32 8940 -22706 N h- -1.2126 0.6334 -0.3675 213.3 - -
22 -26 0182 Apr 06 17:39:41 8769 -22483 N h- -1.1597 0.7308 -0.2708 227.7 - -
23 -25 0200 Apr 17 00:57:37 8598 -22260 N h- -1.0994 0.8420 -0.1606 242.6 - -
24 -24 0218 Apr 28 08:09:17 8427 -22037 N t- -1.0348 0.9613 -0.0428 257.0 - -
25 -23 0236 May 08 15:13:02 8256 -21814 P t- -0.9647 1.0907 0.0847 271.1 66.9 -
26 -22 0254 May 19 22:13:01 8084 -21591 P t- -0.8921 1.2253 0.2169 284.3 105.4 -
27 -21 0272 May 30 05:06:03 7911 -21368 P t- -0.8147 1.3688 0.3574 296.9 132.9 -
28 -20 0290 Jun 10 11:58:47 7738 -21145 P t- -0.7378 1.5117 0.4967 308.2 154.0 -
29 -19 0308 Jun 20 18:48:20 7564 -20922 P t- -0.6593 1.6577 0.6386 318.5 171.2 -
30 -18 0326 Jul 02 01:39:34 7389 -20699 P t- -0.5829 1.8002 0.7766 327.6 185.1 -
31 -17 0344 Jul 12 08:30:50 7213 -20476 P t- -0.5072 1.9417 0.9131 335.6 196.6 -
32 -16 0362 Jul 23 15:27:04 7037 -20253 T t- -0.4363 2.0746 1.0406 342.4 205.6 32.0
33 -15 0380 Aug 02 22:26:39 6859 -20030 T p- -0.3691 2.2008 1.1610 348.2 212.8 61.5
34 -14 0398 Aug 14 05:31:29 6682 -19807 T p- -0.3069 2.3178 1.2721 353.1 218.3 77.1
35 -13 0416 Aug 24 12:42:36 6503 -19584 T- pp -0.2507 2.4241 1.3722 357.1 222.5 87.0
36 -12 0434 Sep 04 20:01:17 6325 -19361 T- pp -0.2015 2.5174 1.4594 360.5 225.5 93.4
37 -11 0452 Sep 15 03:27:27 6147 -19138 T- pp -0.1592 2.5982 1.5340 363.3 227.8 97.6
38 -10 0470 Sep 26 11:00:41 5969 -18915 T- pp -0.1234 2.6668 1.5967 365.6 229.3 100.3
39 -09 0488 Oct 06 18:42:13 5792 -18692 T- pp -0.0953 2.7213 1.6455 367.6 230.4 101.9
40 -08 0506 Oct 18 02:30:34 5616 -18469 T- pp -0.0733 2.7643 1.6833 369.3 231.2 102.9
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 -07 0524 Oct 28 10:24:53 5439 -18246 T- pp -0.0569 2.7968 1.7112 370.8 231.8 103.5
42 -06 0542 Nov 08 18:24:22 5263 -18023 T- pp -0.0452 2.8203 1.7307 372.1 232.3 103.8
43 -05 0560 Nov 19 02:28:07 5089 -17800 T- pp -0.0373 2.8366 1.7435 373.2 232.7 104.0
44 -04 0578 Nov 30 10:34:02 4916 -17577 T- pp -0.0317 2.8481 1.7524 374.1 233.0 104.1
45 -03 0596 Dec 10 18:39:58 4744 -17354 T- pp -0.0264 2.8587 1.7612 375.0 233.4 104.3
46 -02 0614 Dec 22 02:45:31 4574 -17131 T- pp -0.0210 2.8690 1.7705 375.6 233.7 104.4
47 -01 0633 Jan 01 10:48:22 4405 -16908 T- pp -0.0135 2.8831 1.7843 376.2 234.1 104.6
48 00 0651 Jan 12 18:45:55 4238 -16685 T- pp -0.0019 2.9040 1.8058 376.6 234.4 104.8
49 01 0669 Jan 23 02:37:33 4072 -16462 T+ pp 0.0143 2.8808 1.7837 376.9 234.6 105.0
50 02 0687 Feb 03 10:21:39 3909 -16239 T+ pp 0.0365 2.8391 1.7438 376.9 234.8 104.8
51 03 0705 Feb 13 17:58:13 3747 -16016 T+ pp 0.0649 2.7859 1.6928 376.8 234.7 104.2
52 04 0723 Feb 25 01:24:07 3588 -15793 T+ pp 0.1017 2.7170 1.6265 376.2 234.2 102.8
53 05 0741 Mar 07 08:41:47 3431 -15570 T+ pp 0.1452 2.6359 1.5481 375.3 233.1 100.0
54 06 0759 Mar 18 15:48:35 3277 -15347 T+ pp 0.1971 2.5391 1.4544 373.7 231.1 95.0
55 07 0777 Mar 28 22:47:16 3125 -15124 T+ pp 0.2556 2.4301 1.3485 371.4 228.0 86.9
56 08 0795 Apr 09 05:35:52 2977 -14901 T -t 0.3224 2.3061 1.2275 368.1 223.2 73.5
57 09 0813 Apr 19 12:18:18 2832 -14678 T -t 0.3940 2.1731 1.0974 363.7 216.7 50.3
58 10 0831 Apr 30 18:53:15 2690 -14455 P -t 0.4716 2.0295 0.9565 358.0 207.8 -
59 11 0849 May 11 01:23:11 2552 -14232 P -t 0.5532 1.8784 0.8079 350.8 196.1 -
60 12 0867 May 22 07:49:10 2418 -14009 P -t 0.6379 1.7219 0.6535 342.1 180.9 -
61 13 0885 Jun 01 14:13:12 2288 -13786 P -t 0.7240 1.5630 0.4964 331.8 161.6 -
62 14 0903 Jun 12 20:36:58 2162 -13563 P -t 0.8107 1.4032 0.3380 319.8 136.5 -
63 15 0921 Jun 23 03:00:54 2040 -13340 P -t 0.8972 1.2440 0.1798 306.0 101.8 -
64 16 0939 Jul 04 09:28:30 1923 -13117 P -t 0.9807 1.0905 0.0269 290.9 40.2 -
65 17 0957 Jul 14 15:59:57 1810 -12894 N -t 1.0609 0.9432 -0.1201 274.3 - -
66 18 0975 Jul 25 22:37:10 1702 -12671 N -t 1.1367 0.8042 -0.2591 256.4 - -
67 19 0993 Aug 05 05:21:17 1598 -12448 N -t 1.2070 0.6753 -0.3885 237.6 - -
68 20 1011 Aug 16 12:13:51 1499 -12225 N -t 1.2709 0.5584 -0.5060 218.1 - -
69 21 1029 Aug 26 19:15:46 1405 -12002 N -t 1.3273 0.4553 -0.6099 198.4 - -
70 22 1047 Sep 07 02:25:55 1315 -11779 N -t 1.3774 0.3638 -0.7022 178.5 - -
71 23 1065 Sep 17 09:47:23 1229 -11556 N -t 1.4189 0.2881 -0.7788 159.7 - -
72 24 1083 Sep 28 17:18:17 1148 -11333 N -t 1.4534 0.2252 -0.8424 141.6 - -
73 25 1101 Oct 09 01:00:25 1072 -11110 N -t 1.4795 0.1776 -0.8906 126.0 - -
74 26 1119 Oct 20 08:50:17 1000 -10887 N -t 1.5000 0.1401 -0.9283 112.0 - -
75 27 1137 Oct 30 16:50:45 932 -10664 N -t 1.5128 0.1164 -0.9519 102.1 - -
76 28 1155 Nov 11 00:57:26 869 -10441 N -t 1.5216 0.1001 -0.9675 94.5 - -
77 29 1173 Nov 21 09:11:11 809 -10218 N -t 1.5255 0.0922 -0.9741 90.5 - -
78 30 1191 Dec 02 17:28:32 753 -9995 N -t 1.5273 0.0880 -0.9766 88.2 - -
79 31 1209 Dec 13 01:50:03 701 -9772 N -t 1.5268 0.0877 -0.9744 87.7 - -
80 32 1227 Dec 24 10:11:43 652 -9549 N -h 1.5267 0.0862 -0.9727 86.7 - -
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
81 33 1246 Jan 03 18:33:05 606 -9326 N -h 1.5278 0.0823 -0.9727 84.4 - -
82 34 1264 Jan 15 02:52:06 563 -9103 N -h 1.5314 0.0734 -0.9771 79.5 - -
83 35 1282 Jan 25 11:08:16 523 -8880 N -h 1.5382 0.0585 -0.9870 70.8 - -
84 36 1300 Feb 05 19:17:56 486 -8657 N -h 1.5506 0.0329 -1.0070 53.0 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
