The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 105 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 0566 Aug 16. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 1864 Oct 15. The total duration of Saros series 105 is 1298.17 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 0566 Aug 16 19:12:38 TD
Last Eclipse = 1864 Oct 15 06:30:47 TD
Duration of Saros 105 = 1298.17 Years
Saros 105 is composed of 73 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 105 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 73 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 32 | 43.8% |
| Partial | P | 16 | 21.9% |
| Total | T | 25 | 34.2% |
The 73 lunar eclipses in Saros 105 occur in the order of 22N 7P 25T 9P 10N which corresponds to:
22 Penumbral
7 Partial
25 Total
9 Partial
10 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 105 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 1179 Aug 19 Duration = 01h45m43s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 1522 Mar 12 Duration = 00h29m18s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1071 Jun 15 Duration = 03h27m04s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1684 Jun 27 Duration = 00h46m04s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 0945 Mar 31 Duration = 04h44m20s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 1864 Oct 15 Duration = 00h41m06s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 105 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1540 Mar 22 Magnitude = 0.9587
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 0963 Apr 11 Magnitude = 0.0416
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 105 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -34 0566 Aug 16 19:12:38 5034 -17729 Nb t- -1.5296 0.0708 -0.9678 78.6 - -
02 -33 0584 Aug 27 02:28:31 4861 -17506 N t- -1.4809 0.1633 -0.8815 119.0 - -
03 -32 0602 Sep 07 09:51:15 4690 -17283 N t- -1.4381 0.2450 -0.8062 145.3 - -
04 -31 0620 Sep 17 17:20:56 4520 -17060 N t- -1.4012 0.3157 -0.7417 164.6 - -
05 -30 0638 Sep 29 00:58:43 4352 -16837 N t- -1.3712 0.3739 -0.6897 178.9 - -
06 -29 0656 Oct 09 08:43:47 4185 -16614 N t- -1.3473 0.4208 -0.6486 189.7 - -
07 -28 0674 Oct 20 16:36:37 4020 -16391 N t- -1.3301 0.4550 -0.6198 197.4 - -
08 -27 0692 Oct 31 00:33:45 3857 -16168 N t- -1.3168 0.4818 -0.5979 203.3 - -
09 -26 0710 Nov 11 08:37:48 3696 -15945 N t- -1.3094 0.4976 -0.5863 207.0 - -
10 -25 0728 Nov 21 16:44:17 3537 -15722 N t- -1.3041 0.5092 -0.5784 209.8 - -
11 -24 0746 Dec 03 00:53:43 3381 -15499 N t- -1.3017 0.5150 -0.5753 211.4 - -
12 -23 0764 Dec 13 09:01:39 3228 -15276 N t- -1.2984 0.5220 -0.5704 213.2 - -
13 -22 0782 Dec 24 17:09:39 3078 -15053 N t- -1.2956 0.5279 -0.5658 214.7 - -
14 -21 0801 Jan 04 01:13:24 2930 -14830 N t- -1.2895 0.5393 -0.5550 217.2 - -
15 -20 0819 Jan 15 09:12:36 2786 -14607 N t- -1.2802 0.5564 -0.5377 220.6 - -
16 -19 0837 Jan 25 17:04:56 2646 -14384 N t- -1.2655 0.5830 -0.5103 225.5 - -
17 -18 0855 Feb 06 00:50:13 2509 -14161 N t- -1.2454 0.6191 -0.4728 231.8 - -
18 -17 0873 Feb 16 08:26:20 2376 -13938 N t- -1.2181 0.6683 -0.4218 239.9 - -
19 -16 0891 Feb 27 15:53:21 2248 -13715 N t- -1.1834 0.7308 -0.3572 249.4 - -
20 -15 0909 Mar 09 23:10:48 2123 -13492 N t- -1.1411 0.8073 -0.2782 260.3 - -
21 -14 0927 Mar 21 06:19:21 2003 -13269 N t- -1.0915 0.8970 -0.1860 271.9 - -
22 -13 0945 Mar 31 13:17:13 1887 -13046 Nx t- -1.0333 1.0026 -0.0779 284.3 - -
23 -12 0963 Apr 11 20:07:31 1775 -12823 P t- -0.9689 1.1195 0.0416 296.7 50.2 -
24 -11 0981 Apr 22 02:48:48 1668 -12600 P t- -0.8971 1.2500 0.1745 309.0 100.9 -
25 -10 0999 May 03 09:24:58 1566 -12377 P t- -0.8206 1.3892 0.3159 320.6 132.9 -
26 -09 1017 May 13 15:53:23 1468 -12154 P t- -0.7377 1.5403 0.4689 331.5 158.2 -
27 -08 1035 May 24 22:19:50 1375 -11931 P t- -0.6530 1.6949 0.6251 341.1 178.0 -
28 -07 1053 Jun 04 04:42:18 1287 -11708 P t- -0.5650 1.8558 0.7872 349.5 194.3 -
29 -06 1071 Jun 15 11:05:23 1203 -11485 P t- -0.4770 2.0168 0.9491 356.5 207.1 -
30 -05 1089 Jun 25 17:27:45 1124 -11262 T t- -0.3880 2.1799 1.1127 362.2 217.1 53.8
31 -04 1107 Jul 06 23:54:10 1049 -11039 T t- -0.3018 2.3381 1.2710 366.4 224.5 78.9
32 -03 1125 Jul 17 06:23:50 978 -10816 T- pp -0.2180 2.4920 1.4247 369.3 229.5 93.0
33 -02 1143 Jul 28 12:59:07 912 -10593 T- pp -0.1382 2.6385 1.5707 370.9 232.6 101.0
34 -01 1161 Aug 07 19:41:17 849 -10370 T- pp -0.0637 2.7758 1.7071 371.6 234.1 104.9
35 00 1179 Aug 19 02:31:51 791 -10147 T+ pp 0.0045 2.8847 1.8151 371.4 234.1 105.7
36 01 1197 Aug 29 09:31:59 736 -9924 T+ pp 0.0655 2.7734 1.7026 370.6 233.1 104.3
37 02 1215 Sep 09 16:40:52 685 -9701 T+ pp 0.1199 2.6742 1.6022 369.2 231.5 101.4
38 03 1233 Sep 20 00:00:52 637 -9478 T+ pp 0.1657 2.5909 1.5176 367.7 229.4 97.5
39 04 1251 Oct 01 07:29:58 592 -9255 T+ pp 0.2045 2.5202 1.4459 365.9 227.2 93.1
40 05 1269 Oct 11 15:09:34 550 -9032 T+ pp 0.2354 2.4639 1.3888 364.2 225.0 88.8
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 06 1287 Oct 22 22:57:41 511 -8809 T+ pp 0.2599 2.4193 1.3436 362.5 223.0 84.8
42 07 1305 Nov 02 06:55:19 475 -8586 T -p 0.2773 2.3874 1.3116 361.0 221.3 81.5
43 08 1323 Nov 13 14:59:35 441 -8363 T -p 0.2897 2.3643 1.2890 359.6 220.0 79.0
44 09 1341 Nov 23 23:09:48 409 -8140 T -p 0.2980 2.3486 1.2744 358.2 218.9 77.2
45 10 1359 Dec 05 07:24:19 379 -7917 T -p 0.3034 2.3378 1.2653 356.9 218.0 76.0
46 11 1377 Dec 15 15:42:20 350 -7694 T -p 0.3069 2.3302 1.2601 355.5 217.3 75.2
47 12 1395 Dec 27 00:00:15 324 -7471 T -p 0.3111 2.3209 1.2539 354.1 216.5 74.4
48 13 1414 Jan 06 08:17:53 298 -7248 T -p 0.3163 2.3096 1.2463 352.5 215.7 73.3
49 14 1432 Jan 17 16:32:40 274 -7025 T -p 0.3247 2.2918 1.2331 350.6 214.6 71.5
50 15 1450 Jan 28 00:45:08 252 -6802 T -p 0.3360 2.2686 1.2148 348.5 213.2 69.0
51 16 1468 Feb 08 08:50:31 230 -6579 T -p 0.3539 2.2330 1.1847 346.0 211.3 64.5
52 17 1486 Feb 18 16:51:51 210 -6356 T -p 0.3760 2.1895 1.1471 343.1 209.0 58.2
53 18 1504 Mar 01 00:44:47 191 -6133 T -p 0.4057 2.1318 1.0956 339.7 205.8 47.6
54 19 1522 Mar 12 08:32:37 174 -5910 T -t 0.4404 2.0648 1.0350 335.8 201.8 29.3
55 20 1540 Mar 22 16:11:08 158 -5687 P -t 0.4838 1.9821 0.9587 331.0 196.4 -
56 21 1558 Apr 02 23:45:10 144 -5464 P -t 0.5316 1.8911 0.8741 325.6 189.8 -
57 22 1576 Apr 13 07:11:16 131 -5241 P -t 0.5865 1.7871 0.7763 319.2 181.4 -
58 23 1594 May 04 14:32:42 121 -5018 P -t 0.6461 1.6748 0.6699 311.9 171.0 -
59 24 1612 May 14 21:48:17 104 -4795 P -t 0.7111 1.5527 0.5534 303.4 157.9 -
60 25 1630 May 26 05:01:22 79 -4572 P -h 0.7788 1.4259 0.4318 293.7 141.7 -
61 26 1648 Jun 05 12:11:39 51 -4349 P -h 0.8497 1.2935 0.3041 282.8 120.8 -
62 27 1666 Jun 16 19:20:41 27 -4126 P -h 0.9222 1.1584 0.1732 270.5 92.6 -
63 28 1684 Jun 27 02:30:11 11 -3903 P -h 0.9948 1.0233 0.0416 257.0 46.1 -
64 29 1702 Jul 09 09:41:33 8 -3680 N -h 1.0664 0.8904 -0.0883 242.1 - -
65 30 1720 Jul 19 16:55:34 10 -3457 N -a 1.1366 0.7604 -0.2159 225.9 - -
66 31 1738 Jul 31 00:13:25 11 -3234 N -a 1.2043 0.6353 -0.3392 208.4 - -
67 32 1756 Aug 10 07:36:47 14 -3011 N -a 1.2682 0.5174 -0.4558 189.6 - -
68 33 1774 Aug 21 15:06:39 16 -2788 N -a 1.3271 0.4089 -0.5635 169.8 - -
69 34 1792 Aug 31 22:42:42 16 -2565 N -a 1.3816 0.3086 -0.6634 148.5 - -
70 35 1810 Sep 13 06:27:11 12 -2342 N -a 1.4299 0.2202 -0.7520 126.2 - -
71 36 1828 Sep 23 14:19:43 8 -2119 N -a 1.4724 0.1424 -0.8302 102.0 - -
72 37 1846 Oct 04 22:21:39 6 -1896 N -a 1.5077 0.0779 -0.8954 75.7 - -
73 38 1864 Oct 15 06:30:47 6 -1673 N -a 1.5379 0.0228 -0.9512 41.1 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
