The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 133 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1557 May 13. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 2819 Jun 29. The total duration of Saros series 133 is 1262.11 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1557 May 13 09:23:04 TD
Last Eclipse = 2819 Jun 29 03:22:47 TD
Duration of Saros 133 = 1262.11 Years
Saros 133 is composed of 71 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 133 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 71 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 17 | 23.9% |
| Partial | P | 33 | 46.5% |
| Total | T | 21 | 29.6% |
The 71 lunar eclipses in Saros 133 occur in the order of 7N 13P 21T 20P 10N which corresponds to:
7 Penumbral
13 Partial
21 Total
20 Partial
10 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 133 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 2170 May 30 Duration = 01h41m41s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 1917 Dec 28 Duration = 00h11m58s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1899 Dec 17 Duration = 03h22m00s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2639 Mar 11 Duration = 00h44m10s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 1665 Jul 27 Duration = 04h41m00s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 2819 Jun 29 Duration = 01h18m11s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 133 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 1899 Dec 17 Magnitude = 0.9922
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2639 Mar 11 Magnitude = 0.0417
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 133 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -34 1557 May 13 09:23:04 144 -5475 Nb t- -1.5370 0.0734 -0.9975 83.9 - -
02 -33 1575 May 24 15:51:37 132 -5252 N t- -1.4542 0.2241 -0.8444 144.3 - -
03 -32 1593 Jun 13 22:19:51 122 -5029 N t- -1.3703 0.3770 -0.6895 184.3 - -
04 -31 1611 Jun 25 04:45:08 105 -4806 N t- -1.2836 0.5352 -0.5295 216.0 - -
05 -30 1629 Jul 05 11:11:37 80 -4583 N t- -1.1969 0.6937 -0.3696 241.7 - -
06 -29 1647 Jul 16 17:39:13 53 -4360 N t- -1.1100 0.8527 -0.2097 263.3 - -
07 -28 1665 Jul 27 00:11:35 28 -4137 Nx t- -1.0260 1.0063 -0.0554 281.0 - -
08 -27 1683 Aug 07 06:48:53 12 -3914 P t- -0.9452 1.1546 0.0931 295.7 73.7 -
09 -26 1701 Aug 18 13:32:17 8 -3691 P t- -0.8683 1.2957 0.2342 307.8 114.3 -
10 -25 1719 Aug 29 20:24:03 10 -3468 P t- -0.7974 1.4259 0.3641 317.5 139.5 -
11 -24 1737 Sep 09 03:24:12 11 -3245 P t- -0.7325 1.5453 0.4830 325.3 157.4 -
12 -23 1755 Sep 20 10:34:08 14 -3022 P t- -0.6745 1.6521 0.5890 331.3 170.5 -
13 -22 1773 Sep 30 17:53:06 16 -2799 P t- -0.6232 1.7467 0.6829 336.0 180.3 -
14 -21 1791 Oct 12 01:23:20 16 -2576 P t- -0.5802 1.8259 0.7615 339.4 187.4 -
15 -20 1809 Oct 23 09:02:46 12 -2353 P t- -0.5440 1.8924 0.8275 341.8 192.6 -
16 -19 1827 Nov 03 16:51:55 8 -2130 P h- -0.5151 1.9457 0.8805 343.3 196.3 -
17 -18 1845 Nov 14 00:49:42 6 -1907 P h- -0.4924 1.9872 0.9221 344.1 198.9 -
18 -17 1863 Nov 25 08:56:11 7 -1684 P a- -0.4760 2.0170 0.9525 344.4 200.4 -
19 -16 1881 Dec 05 17:08:33 -5 -1461 P a- -0.4640 2.0386 0.9751 344.2 201.4 -
20 -15 1899 Dec 17 01:25:45 -3 -1238 P a- -0.4551 2.0541 0.9922 343.7 202.0 -
21 -14 1917 Dec 28 09:46:32 20 -1015 T a- -0.4484 2.0652 1.0056 343.0 202.3 12.0
22 -13 1936 Jan 08 18:09:58 24 -792 T a- -0.4428 2.0740 1.0173 342.1 202.5 20.8
23 -12 1954 Jan 19 02:32:21 31 -569 T a- -0.4357 2.0853 1.0322 341.2 202.9 28.2
24 -11 1972 Jan 30 10:54:05 42 -346 T a- -0.4273 2.0987 1.0497 340.3 203.4 34.8
25 -10 1990 Feb 09 19:12:02 57 -123 T a- -0.4148 2.1191 1.0750 339.6 204.3 42.3
26 -09 2008 Feb 21 03:27:09 66 100 T a- -0.3992 2.1451 1.1062 339.0 205.4 49.8
27 -08 2026 Mar 03 11:34:52 75 323 T a- -0.3765 2.1838 1.1507 338.6 207.2 58.3
28 -07 2044 Mar 13 19:38:33 88 546 T a- -0.3496 2.2303 1.2031 338.4 209.1 66.4
29 -06 2062 Mar 25 03:33:50 118 769 T p- -0.3150 2.2905 1.2695 338.3 211.3 74.7
30 -05 2080 Apr 04 11:23:38 157 992 T p- -0.2751 2.3607 1.3460 338.3 213.6 82.1
31 -04 2098 Apr 15 19:04:48 198 1215 T- p- -0.2272 2.4454 1.4369 338.3 215.8 89.0
32 -03 2116 Apr 27 02:41:18 242 1438 T- p- -0.1746 2.5388 1.5364 338.1 217.7 94.6
33 -02 2134 May 08 10:10:41 287 1661 T- pp -0.1152 2.6447 1.6482 337.6 219.0 98.8
34 -01 2152 May 18 17:35:13 333 1884 T- pp -0.0511 2.7597 1.7688 336.7 219.6 101.2
35 00 2170 May 30 00:55:17 372 2107 T+ pp 0.0174 2.8188 1.8330 335.3 219.3 101.7
36 01 2188 Jun 09 08:12:51 414 2330 T+ pp 0.0887 2.6856 1.7045 333.2 218.0 99.8
37 02 2206 Jun 21 15:28:26 457 2553 T+ pp 0.1626 2.5480 1.5711 330.5 215.5 95.4
38 03 2224 Jul 01 22:43:13 503 2776 T+ -p 0.2378 2.4081 1.4348 327.0 211.7 87.7
39 04 2242 Jul 13 05:59:11 550 2999 T -p 0.3129 2.2688 1.2985 322.9 206.7 76.2
40 05 2260 Jul 23 13:17:09 600 3222 T -p 0.3867 2.1322 1.1642 318.1 200.5 59.0
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 06 2278 Aug 03 20:37:40 652 3445 T -a 0.4592 1.9983 1.0322 312.7 193.0 27.1
42 07 2296 Aug 14 04:03:01 705 3668 P -a 0.5282 1.8710 0.9060 306.8 184.5 -
43 08 2314 Aug 26 11:33:39 761 3891 P -a 0.5935 1.7508 0.7866 300.7 175.1 -
44 09 2332 Sep 05 19:11:20 819 4114 P -a 0.6533 1.6412 0.6771 294.4 165.0 -
45 10 2350 Sep 17 02:54:54 879 4337 P -a 0.7087 1.5396 0.5752 288.1 154.3 -
46 11 2368 Sep 27 10:47:20 941 4560 P -a 0.7571 1.4511 0.4862 282.1 143.5 -
47 12 2386 Oct 08 18:46:46 1006 4783 P -a 0.8002 1.3725 0.4066 276.4 132.5 -
48 13 2404 Oct 19 02:55:17 1072 5006 P -a 0.8362 1.3070 0.3400 271.4 122.2 -
49 14 2422 Oct 30 11:10:45 1140 5229 P -a 0.8668 1.2513 0.2831 266.9 112.2 -
50 15 2440 Nov 09 19:35:18 1210 5452 P -a 0.8904 1.2086 0.2392 263.2 103.7 -
51 16 2458 Nov 21 04:06:22 1283 5675 P -a 0.9091 1.1749 0.2043 260.2 96.1 -
52 17 2476 Dec 01 12:44:17 1357 5898 P -a 0.9228 1.1503 0.1789 257.9 90.2 -
53 18 2494 Dec 12 21:27:43 1434 6121 P -a 0.9324 1.1330 0.1610 256.2 85.7 -
54 19 2512 Dec 24 06:15:46 1513 6344 P -a 0.9388 1.1213 0.1490 255.0 82.5 -
55 20 2531 Jan 04 15:06:28 1593 6567 P -a 0.9433 1.1130 0.1407 254.1 80.2 -
56 21 2549 Jan 14 23:58:01 1676 6790 P -a 0.9477 1.1048 0.1330 253.2 78.0 -
57 22 2567 Jan 26 08:49:56 1761 7013 P -a 0.9521 1.0963 0.1254 252.3 75.8 -
58 23 2585 Feb 05 17:40:16 1848 7236 P -a 0.9585 1.0839 0.1143 251.0 72.4 -
59 24 2603 Feb 18 02:26:58 1937 7459 P -a 0.9679 1.0657 0.0978 249.3 67.1 -
60 25 2621 Feb 28 11:09:03 2028 7682 P -a 0.9813 1.0401 0.0741 246.8 58.6 -
61 26 2639 Mar 11 19:45:23 2121 7905 P -a 0.9996 1.0054 0.0417 243.5 44.2 -
62 27 2657 Mar 22 04:15:37 2217 8128 N -a 1.0230 0.9612 -0.0001 239.1 - -
63 28 2675 Apr 02 12:37:33 2314 8351 N -a 1.0534 0.9044 -0.0546 233.3 - -
64 29 2693 Apr 12 20:52:52 2413 8574 N -a 1.0893 0.8373 -0.1193 226.0 - -
65 30 2711 Apr 25 04:59:49 2515 8797 N -a 1.1317 0.7584 -0.1961 216.9 - -
66 31 2729 May 05 12:59:44 2618 9020 N -a 1.1800 0.6688 -0.2837 205.6 - -
67 32 2747 May 16 20:51:32 2724 9243 N -a 1.2348 0.5675 -0.3835 191.4 - -
68 33 2765 May 27 04:37:27 2832 9466 N -a 1.2942 0.4579 -0.4918 173.9 - -
69 34 2783 Jun 07 12:17:27 2941 9689 N -a 1.3582 0.3401 -0.6090 151.8 - -
70 35 2801 Jun 17 19:51:48 3053 9912 N -a 1.4265 0.2146 -0.7343 122.1 - -
71 36 2819 Jun 29 03:22:47 3167 10135 Ne -a 1.4969 0.0856 -0.8637 78.2 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
