The periodicity and recurrence of lunar (and solar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains 70 or more lunar eclipses.
Lunar eclipses of Saros 145 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1832 Aug 11. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 3094 Sep 16. The total duration of Saros series 145 is 1262.11 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1832 Aug 11 14:14:52 TD
Last Eclipse = 3094 Sep 16 19:52:41 TD
Duration of Saros 145 = 1262.11 Years
Saros 145 is composed of 71 lunar eclipses as follows:
| Lunar Eclipses of Saros 145 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 71 | 100.0% |
| Penumbral | N | 26 | 36.6% |
| Partial | P | 30 | 42.3% |
| Total | T | 15 | 21.1% |
The 71 lunar eclipses in Saros 145 occur in the order of 18N 10P 15T 20P 8N which corresponds to:
18 Penumbral
10 Partial
15 Total
20 Partial
8 Penumbral
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 145 are as follows.
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse: 2427 Aug 07 Duration = 01h44m21s
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse: 2589 Nov 13 Duration = 00h16m55s
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2319 Jun 03 Duration = 03h19m11s
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2157 Feb 24 Duration = 00h05m35s
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 2139 Feb 13 Duration = 04h50m49s
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse: 3094 Sep 16 Duration = 01h05m30s
The largest and smallest magnitude partial eclipses of Saros 145 are:
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2607 Nov 25 Magnitude = 0.9772
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse: 2157 Feb 24 Magnitude = 0.0005
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[2] for every lunar eclipse of Saros 145 are presented in the following catalog. For eclipses occurring between the years -1999 to +3000 (2000 BCE to 3000 CE), the sequence number in the first column links to a eclipse geometry diagram and a map from Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Lunar Eclipse Saros Series.
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
01 -33 1832 Aug 11 14:14:52 6 -2071 Nb t- -1.5396 0.0662 -1.0000 79.1 - -
02 -32 1850 Aug 22 20:54:59 7 -1848 N t- -1.4679 0.1997 -0.8704 136.1 - -
03 -31 1868 Sep 02 03:41:27 2 -1625 N t- -1.4012 0.3242 -0.7499 171.9 - -
04 -30 1886 Sep 13 10:34:41 -6 -1402 N t- -1.3398 0.4390 -0.6392 198.4 - -
05 -29 1904 Sep 24 17:34:44 3 -1179 N t- -1.2837 0.5440 -0.5384 219.1 - -
06 -28 1922 Oct 06 00:43:50 23 -956 N t- -1.2348 0.6358 -0.4508 235.2 - -
07 -27 1940 Oct 16 08:01:17 25 -733 N t- -1.1924 0.7156 -0.3749 248.0 - -
08 -26 1958 Oct 27 15:27:50 33 -510 N t- -1.1570 0.7825 -0.3118 257.9 - -
09 -25 1976 Nov 06 23:01:59 47 -287 N t- -1.1275 0.8383 -0.2594 265.8 - -
10 -24 1994 Nov 18 06:44:54 61 -64 N t- -1.1047 0.8815 -0.2189 271.6 - -
11 -23 2012 Nov 28 14:34:07 68 159 N t- -1.0869 0.9155 -0.1873 276.0 - -
12 -22 2030 Dec 09 22:28:51 78 382 N t- -1.0731 0.9416 -0.1628 279.2 - -
13 -21 2048 Dec 20 06:27:48 92 605 N t- -1.0624 0.9617 -0.1436 281.6 - -
14 -20 2066 Dec 31 14:30:10 128 828 N t- -1.0539 0.9773 -0.1281 283.3 - -
15 -19 2085 Jan 10 22:32:29 168 1051 N t- -1.0453 0.9927 -0.1119 284.9 - -
16 -18 2103 Jan 23 06:34:00 210 1274 Nx t- -1.0357 1.0095 -0.0937 286.5 - -
17 -17 2121 Feb 02 14:32:40 253 1497 Nx t- -1.0235 1.0308 -0.0701 288.4 - -
18 -16 2139 Feb 13 22:28:17 299 1720 Nx t- -1.0082 1.0574 -0.0406 290.8 - -
19 -15 2157 Feb 24 06:16:36 343 1943 P t- -0.9868 1.0949 0.0005 294.2 5.6 -
20 -14 2175 Mar 07 13:59:53 383 2166 P t- -0.9608 1.1406 0.0502 298.1 54.8 -
21 -13 2193 Mar 17 21:34:32 425 2389 P t- -0.9274 1.1995 0.1138 303.0 81.6 -
22 -12 2211 Mar 30 05:02:58 469 2612 P t- -0.8882 1.2689 0.1880 308.4 103.6 -
23 -11 2229 Apr 09 12:21:26 515 2835 P t- -0.8403 1.3543 0.2786 314.6 124.2 -
24 -10 2247 Apr 20 19:34:24 563 3058 P t- -0.7870 1.4495 0.3789 320.9 142.4 -
25 -09 2265 May 01 02:38:34 613 3281 P t- -0.7260 1.5587 0.4934 327.4 159.3 -
26 -08 2283 May 12 09:37:20 666 3504 P t- -0.6596 1.6779 0.6177 333.7 174.4 -
27 -07 2301 May 23 16:29:16 720 3727 P t- -0.5869 1.8089 0.7536 339.6 187.8 -
28 -06 2319 Jun 03 23:18:19 776 3950 P t- -0.5109 1.9459 0.8953 344.8 199.2 -
29 -05 2337 Jun 14 06:03:17 835 4173 T t- -0.4307 2.0911 1.0448 349.2 208.8 34.0
30 -04 2355 Jun 25 12:46:19 895 4396 T t- -0.3479 2.2409 1.1986 352.7 216.4 68.0
31 -03 2373 Jul 05 19:28:57 958 4619 T- t- -0.2642 2.3928 1.3540 355.1 222.1 85.7
32 -02 2391 Jul 17 02:12:50 1023 4842 T- pp -0.1807 2.5444 1.5086 356.4 225.9 96.3
33 -01 2409 Jul 27 08:59:05 1090 5065 T- pp -0.0983 2.6943 1.6613 356.7 227.9 102.2
34 00 2427 Aug 07 15:48:57 1158 5288 T- pp -0.0180 2.8405 1.8096 356.0 228.3 104.4
35 01 2445 Aug 17 22:44:46 1229 5511 T+ pp 0.0583 2.7658 1.7366 354.5 227.3 103.3
36 02 2463 Aug 29 05:47:14 1302 5734 T+ pp 0.1296 2.6342 1.6063 352.2 225.1 99.7
37 03 2481 Sep 08 12:56:08 1377 5957 T+ pp 0.1966 2.5108 1.4839 349.4 221.9 93.7
38 04 2499 Sep 19 20:14:17 1455 6180 T+ pp 0.2568 2.4000 1.3737 346.3 218.1 85.8
39 05 2517 Oct 01 03:41:07 1534 6403 T -p 0.3108 2.3007 1.2749 342.9 213.9 76.0
40 06 2535 Oct 12 11:18:38 1615 6626 T -p 0.3567 2.2164 1.1908 339.5 209.6 65.0
TD of Phase
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Pen. Um. ---- Durations ----
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num Type QSE Gamma Mag. Mag. Pen. Par. Total
s m m m
41 07 2553 Oct 22 19:04:11 1698 6849 T -p 0.3969 2.1426 1.1172 336.2 205.3 52.0
42 08 2571 Nov 03 03:01:01 1784 7072 T -p 0.4285 2.0843 1.0591 333.2 201.5 37.5
43 09 2589 Nov 13 11:06:01 1871 7295 T -p 0.4544 2.0367 1.0118 330.5 198.1 16.9
44 10 2607 Nov 25 19:20:19 1961 7518 P -p 0.4734 2.0015 0.9772 328.1 195.4 -
45 11 2625 Dec 06 03:40:53 2053 7741 P -p 0.4880 1.9745 0.9509 326.1 193.1 -
46 12 2643 Dec 17 12:08:59 2146 7964 P -a 0.4971 1.9570 0.9347 324.3 191.5 -
47 13 2661 Dec 27 20:41:10 2242 8187 P -a 0.5035 1.9444 0.9238 322.8 190.2 -
48 14 2680 Jan 08 05:16:52 2340 8410 P -a 0.5078 1.9354 0.9170 321.3 189.2 -
49 15 2698 Jan 18 13:54:16 2440 8633 P -a 0.5115 1.9274 0.9116 319.9 188.4 -
50 16 2716 Jan 30 22:32:36 2542 8856 P -a 0.5151 1.9192 0.9066 318.4 187.6 -
51 17 2734 Feb 10 07:08:47 2646 9079 P -a 0.5210 1.9064 0.8976 316.8 186.5 -
52 18 2752 Feb 21 15:42:15 2752 9302 P -a 0.5298 1.8881 0.8835 314.9 185.0 -
53 19 2770 Mar 04 00:11:40 2860 9525 P -a 0.5427 1.8620 0.8621 312.6 183.0 -
54 20 2788 Mar 14 08:36:50 2971 9748 P -a 0.5601 1.8278 0.8327 309.9 180.4 -
55 21 2806 Mar 25 16:54:41 3083 9971 P -a 0.5840 1.7812 0.7913 306.6 176.7 -
56 22 2824 Apr 05 01:07:10 3198 10194 P -a 0.6129 1.7255 0.7408 302.8 172.1 -
57 23 2842 Apr 16 09:12:05 3314 10417 P -a 0.6487 1.6572 0.6778 298.1 166.0 -
58 24 2860 Apr 26 17:11:09 3433 10640 P -a 0.6900 1.5789 0.6047 292.8 158.3 -
59 25 2878 May 08 01:02:06 3553 10863 P -a 0.7386 1.4872 0.5180 286.3 148.2 -
60 26 2896 May 18 08:48:25 3676 11086 P -a 0.7915 1.3877 0.4233 278.9 135.6 -
61 27 2914 May 30 16:28:18 3801 11309 P -a 0.8499 1.2784 0.3183 270.2 119.2 -
62 28 2932 Jun 10 00:03:59 3928 11532 P -a 0.9122 1.1620 0.2058 260.3 97.2 -
63 29 2950 Jun 21 07:35:21 4057 11755 P -a 0.9784 1.0389 0.0860 248.8 63.8 -
64 30 2968 Jul 01 15:04:44 4188 11978 N -a 1.0464 0.9127 -0.0374 235.8 - -
65 31 2986 Jul 12 22:32:25 4321 12201 N -a 1.1162 0.7836 -0.1643 221.0 - -
66 32 3004 Jul 24 05:59:11 4456 12424 N -a 1.1868 0.6531 -0.2931 204.0 - -
67 33 3022 Aug 04 13:27:37 4593 12647 N -a 1.2562 0.5254 -0.4200 185.0 - -
68 34 3040 Aug 14 20:57:38 4732 12870 N -a 1.3243 0.4001 -0.5449 163.2 - -
69 35 3058 Aug 26 04:31:35 4874 13093 N -a 1.3896 0.2804 -0.6648 138.1 - -
70 36 3076 Sep 05 12:08:52 5017 13316 N -a 1.4523 0.1659 -0.7802 107.2 - -
71 37 3094 Sep 16 19:52:41 5163 13539 Ne -a 1.5099 0.0608 -0.8867 65.5 - -
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when Moon passes closest to the axis of Earth's shadow.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
