Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Saros Series 58

Introduction

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 58

Solar eclipses of Saros 58 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on -1114 Jun 07. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 0166 Jul 14. The total duration of Saros series 58 is 1280.14 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =  -1114 Jun 07   23:16:36 TD
                       Last Eclipse =   0166 Jul 14   23:46:42 TD

                      Duration of Saros  58  =  1280.14 Years

Saros 58 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 58
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PartialP 28 38.9%
AnnularA 44 61.1%
TotalT 0 0.0%
Hybrid[3]H 0 0.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 58 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 58
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 44100.0%
Central (two limits) 42 95.5%
Central (one limit) 1 2.3%
Non-Central (one limit) 1 2.3%

The following string illustrates the sequence of the 72 eclipses in Saros 58: 21P 44A 7P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 58 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 58
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -0177 Dec 2212m08s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse -0735 Jan 2102m04s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse -0862 Nov 06 - 0.96161
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 0166 Jul 14 - 0.01698

Description of the Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 58

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 58. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 58.



Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 58

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

02128 -37 -1114 Jun 07  23:16:36  27397 -38510   Pb  -1.5122  0.0354  67.9S  43.0W   0             
02172 -36 -1096 Jun 18  06:37:55  27061 -38287   P   -1.4461  0.1636  67.0S 166.0W   0             
02215 -35 -1078 Jun 29  13:59:55  26727 -38064   P   -1.3808  0.2894  66.0S  71.4E   0             
02258 -34 -1060 Jul 09  21:26:24  26395 -37841   P   -1.3195  0.4067  65.0S  51.9W   0             
02301 -33 -1042 Jul 21  04:56:30  26065 -37618   P   -1.2617  0.5163  64.1S 175.7W   0             
02345 -32 -1024 Jul 31  12:33:16  25737 -37395   P   -1.2098  0.6136  63.3S  59.1E   0             
02387 -31 -1006 Aug 11  20:15:48  25412 -37172   P   -1.1631  0.7002  62.5S  67.2W   0             
02428 -30 -0988 Aug 22  04:05:11  25088 -36949   P   -1.1224  0.7744  61.8S 165.0E   0             
02469 -29 -0970 Sep 02  12:01:56  24767 -36726   P   -1.0884  0.8356  61.3S  35.5E   0             
02510 -28 -0952 Sep 12  20:06:34  24447 -36503   P   -1.0613  0.8832  60.9S  95.8W   0             

02551 -27 -0934 Sep 24  04:18:02  24130 -36280   P   -1.0405  0.9188  60.7S 131.4E   0             
02591 -26 -0916 Oct 04  12:36:34  23814 -36057   P   -1.0263  0.9422  60.7S   3.3W   0             
02631 -25 -0898 Oct 15  21:00:40  23501 -35834   P   -1.0172  0.9563  60.8S 139.2W   0             
02671 -24 -0880 Oct 26  05:30:05  23190 -35611   P   -1.0132  0.9612  61.1S  83.4E   0             
02712 -23 -0862 Nov 06  14:01:39  22881 -35388   P   -1.0119  0.9616  61.5S  54.6W   0             
02752 -22 -0844 Nov 16  22:36:23  22574 -35165   P   -1.0139  0.9562  62.2S 166.5E   0             
02792 -21 -0826 Nov 28  07:10:28  22269 -34942   P   -1.0166  0.9500  62.9S  27.5E   0             
02833 -20 -0808 Dec 08  15:43:51  21966 -34719   P   -1.0193  0.9441  63.8S 111.5W   0             
02874 -19 -0790 Dec 20  00:12:19  21665 -34496   P   -1.0187  0.9441  64.8S 110.4E   0             
02915 -18 -0772 Dec 30  08:37:21  21366 -34273   P   -1.0163  0.9477  65.8S  27.2W   0             

02957 -17 -0753 Jan 10  16:55:10  21070 -34050   P   -1.0091  0.9600  66.9S 163.5W   0             
02999 -16 -0735 Jan 21  01:05:13  20775 -33827   As  -0.9961  0.9621  70.4S  60.2E   3   -   02m04s
03043 -15 -0717 Feb 01  09:05:52  20483 -33604   A   -0.9766  0.9643  78.7S  95.2W  12  644  02m07s
03087 -14 -0699 Feb 11  16:57:17  20192 -33381   A   -0.9500  0.9659  78.5S  95.9E  18  405  02m11s
03132 -13 -0681 Feb 23  00:38:26  19904 -33158   A   -0.9160  0.9674  72.7S  51.3W  23  296  02m16s
03177 -12 -0663 Mar 05  08:08:37  19618 -32935   A   -0.8739  0.9688  64.8S 179.2E  29  231  02m22s
03222 -11 -0645 Mar 16  15:28:41  19333 -32712   A   -0.8244  0.9699  56.3S  58.2E  34  190  02m29s
03267 -10 -0627 Mar 26  22:38:48  19051 -32489   A   -0.7674  0.9709  47.5S  57.6W  40  161  02m38s
03313 -09 -0609 Apr 07  05:39:06  18771 -32266   A   -0.7033  0.9715  38.6S 169.7W  45  142  02m49s
03360 -08 -0591 Apr 17  12:31:12  18493 -32043   A   -0.6331  0.9716  29.8S  81.3E  51  130  03m03s

03408 -07 -0573 Apr 28  19:16:00  18217 -31820   A   -0.5575  0.9713  21.1S  25.2W  56  123  03m19s
03455 -06 -0555 May 09  01:55:29  17943 -31597   A   -0.4784  0.9704  12.7S 129.6W  61  120  03m38s
03500 -05 -0537 May 20  08:29:05  17671 -31374   A   -0.3950  0.9690   4.7S 128.1E  67  121  03m58s
03545 -04 -0519 May 30  15:00:44  17402 -31151   A   -0.3107  0.9671   2.8N  27.1E  72  125  04m19s
03590 -03 -0501 Jun 10  21:30:01  17134 -30928   A   -0.2247  0.9647   9.6N  72.5W  77  131  04m40s
03635 -02 -0483 Jun 21  04:00:44  16815 -30705   A   -0.1407  0.9618  15.6N 171.8W  82  140  04m58s
03678 -01 -0465 Jul 02  10:31:43  16504 -30482   Am  -0.0573  0.9584  20.6N  89.7E  87  152  05m16s
03722  00 -0447 Jul 12  17:07:51  16202 -30259   A    0.0214  0.9546  24.4N   9.2W  89  166  05m31s
03766  01 -0429 Jul 23  23:47:53  15908 -30036   A    0.0966  0.9505  27.1N 108.5W  84  182  05m48s
03808  02 -0411 Aug 03  06:34:26  15621 -29813   A    0.1660  0.9464  28.5N 150.9E  80  200  06m05s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 58

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

03850  03 -0393 Aug 14  13:27:45  15342 -29590   A    0.2293  0.9419  28.8N  48.6E  77  220  06m25s
03892  04 -0375 Aug 24  20:29:30  15070 -29367   A    0.2851  0.9376  28.0N  56.1W  73  241  06m47s
03933  05 -0357 Sep 05  03:40:10  14804 -29144   A    0.3334  0.9333  26.4N 163.5W  70  262  07m13s
03972  06 -0339 Sep 15  10:58:24  14544 -28921   A    0.3753  0.9293  24.2N  86.7E  68  283  07m41s
04013  07 -0321 Sep 26  18:26:32  14291 -28698   A    0.4086  0.9256  21.6N  26.2W  66  303  08m14s
04054  08 -0303 Oct 07  02:02:17  14043 -28475   A    0.4353  0.9223  18.8N 141.4W  64  321  08m49s
04095  09 -0285 Oct 18  09:46:36  13800 -28252   A    0.4547  0.9195  15.9N 100.9E  63  337  09m27s
04135  10 -0267 Oct 28  17:36:16  13563 -28029   A    0.4695  0.9174  13.1N  18.4W  62  350  10m06s
04175  11 -0249 Nov 09  01:32:18  13330 -27806   A    0.4792  0.9158  10.6N 139.4W  61  360  10m44s
04216  12 -0231 Nov 19  09:31:10  13102 -27583   A    0.4864  0.9150   8.5N  98.9E  61  366  11m19s

04256  13 -0213 Nov 30  17:32:23  12879 -27360   A    0.4916  0.9148   7.0N  23.3W  61  370  11m47s
04297  14 -0195 Dec 11  01:33:19  12660 -27137   A    0.4971  0.9153   6.3N 145.5W  60  370  12m04s
04339  15 -0177 Dec 22  09:33:34  12446 -26914   A    0.5030  0.9165   6.4N  92.6E  60  367  12m08s
04383  16 -0158 Jan 01  17:29:28  12235 -26691   A    0.5128  0.9184   7.4N  28.4W  59  361  11m54s
04426  17 -0140 Jan 13  01:20:54  12028 -26468   A    0.5265  0.9208   9.6N 148.4W  58  352  11m25s
04469  18 -0122 Jan 23  09:05:39  11825 -26245   A    0.5456  0.9237  12.7N  93.0E  57  343  10m42s
04512  19 -0104 Feb 03  16:44:32  11626 -26022   A    0.5696  0.9270  16.8N  24.5W  55  332  09m50s
04555  20 -0086 Feb 14  00:13:10  11429 -25799   A    0.6022  0.9307  22.1N 140.0W  53  323  08m51s
04600  21 -0068 Feb 25  07:35:07  11236 -25576   A    0.6405  0.9345  28.2N 105.7E  50  315  07m51s
04645  22 -0050 Mar 07  14:46:58  11046 -25353   A    0.6874  0.9383  35.2N   6.8W  46  312  06m51s

04690  23 -0032 Mar 17  21:52:49  10859 -25130   A    0.7394  0.9421  43.1N 118.6W  42  314  05m54s
04737  24 -0014 Mar 29  04:48:09  10674 -24907   A    0.8002  0.9456  52.0N 130.3E  37  331  05m02s
04782  25  0004 Apr 08  11:39:14  10491 -24684   A    0.8647  0.9486  61.7N  16.8E  30  375  04m15s
04828  26  0022 Apr 19  18:22:41  10311 -24461   A    0.9361  0.9506  72.1N 108.8W  20  523  03m35s
04874  27  0040 Apr 30  01:03:17  10132 -24238   A+   1.0100  0.9522  70.5N  70.2E   0             
04919  28  0058 May 11  07:39:16   9955 -24015   P    1.0882  0.8176  69.7N  42.0W   0             
04963  29  0076 May 21  14:15:48   9780 -23792   P    1.1664  0.6818  68.8N 153.8W   0             
05007  30  0094 Jun 01  20:51:32   9606 -23569   P    1.2458  0.5428  67.8N  95.1E   0             
05052  31  0112 Jun 12  03:29:03   9433 -23346   P    1.3243  0.4048  66.8N  15.8W   0             
05096  32  0130 Jun 23  10:09:31   9261 -23123   P    1.4009  0.2693  65.8N 127.1W   0             

05140  33  0148 Jul 03  16:55:07   9089 -22900   P    1.4741  0.1394  64.9N 120.8E   0             
05182  34  0166 Jul 14  23:46:42   8918 -22677   Pe   1.5428  0.0170  64.0N   7.4E   0             


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .

[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to:

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Periodicity of Solar Eclipses

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

2009 Sep 26