The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.
Solar eclipses of Saros 107 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 0557 Feb 15. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1837 Apr 05. The total duration of Saros series 107 is 1280.14 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 0557 Feb 15 07:19:28 TD Last Eclipse = 1837 Apr 05 07:35:30 TD Duration of Saros 107 = 1280.14 Years
Saros 107 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 107 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 72 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 32 | 44.4% |
| Annular | A | 40 | 55.6% |
| Total | T | 0 | 0.0% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 0 | 0.0% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 107 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 107 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 40 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 39 | 97.5% |
| Central (one limit) | 1 | 2.5% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 72 eclipses in Saros 107: 10P 40A 22P
The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 107 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.
| Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 107 | |||
| Extrema Type | Date | Duration | Magnitude |
| Longest Annular Solar Eclipse | 1061 Dec 14 | 11m29s | - |
| Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse | 0737 Jun 03 | 01m30s | - |
| Largest Partial Solar Eclipse | 0719 May 24 | - | 0.87145 |
| Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse | 0557 Feb 15 | - | 0.03004 |
The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 107. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 107.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat Long Alt Width Dur.
s ° ° ° km
06081 -36 0557 Feb 15 07:19:28 5125 -17846 Pb 1.5320 0.0300 61.6N 28.6E 0
06127 -35 0575 Feb 26 15:18:32 4952 -17623 P 1.5067 0.0756 61.3N 100.7W 0
06173 -34 0593 Mar 08 23:07:54 4780 -17400 P 1.4742 0.1341 61.0N 132.5E 0
06218 -33 0611 Mar 20 06:46:33 4610 -17177 P 1.4339 0.2065 61.0N 8.4E 0
06263 -32 0629 Mar 30 14:16:12 4440 -16954 P 1.3872 0.2905 61.1N 113.4W 0
06308 -31 0647 Apr 10 21:36:12 4273 -16731 P 1.3334 0.3871 61.3N 127.1E 0
06355 -30 0665 Apr 21 04:48:01 4107 -16508 P 1.2736 0.4945 61.7N 9.7E 0
06400 -29 0683 May 02 11:50:52 3943 -16285 P 1.2071 0.6135 62.2N 105.7W 0
06444 -28 0701 May 12 18:48:06 3781 -16062 P 1.1366 0.7392 62.8N 140.2E 0
06487 -27 0719 May 24 01:39:12 3621 -15839 P 1.0620 0.8714 63.6N 27.5E 0
06530 -26 0737 Jun 03 08:25:50 3463 -15616 A 0.9844 0.9737 72.3N 71.2W 9 595 01m30s
06572 -25 0755 Jun 14 15:09:50 3308 -15393 A 0.9053 0.9746 83.1N 112.7W 25 217 01m38s
06613 -24 0773 Jun 24 21:52:22 3156 -15170 A 0.8257 0.9734 79.1N 148.0W 34 171 01m53s
06654 -23 0791 Jul 06 04:35:40 3007 -14947 A 0.7473 0.9710 71.2N 127.5E 41 158 02m14s
06695 -22 0809 Jul 16 11:18:57 2862 -14724 A 0.6696 0.9679 62.9N 31.3E 48 156 02m41s
06736 -21 0827 Jul 27 18:06:50 2719 -14501 A 0.5966 0.9642 54.7N 69.8W 53 161 03m15s
06776 -20 0845 Aug 07 00:57:55 2581 -14278 A 0.5268 0.9602 46.6N 173.5W 58 170 03m54s
06816 -19 0863 Aug 18 07:55:50 2446 -14055 A 0.4631 0.9558 38.8N 80.3E 62 181 04m38s
06856 -18 0881 Aug 28 14:59:00 2315 -13832 A 0.4042 0.9512 31.1N 27.7W 66 195 05m26s
06896 -17 0899 Sep 08 22:11:30 2188 -13609 A 0.3536 0.9465 23.8N 138.2W 69 210 06m15s
06936 -16 0917 Sep 19 05:30:32 2065 -13386 A 0.3089 0.9419 16.9N 109.6E 72 225 07m06s
06977 -15 0935 Sep 30 12:58:02 1947 -13163 A 0.2716 0.9375 10.5N 4.5W 74 241 07m57s
07018 -14 0953 Oct 10 20:32:48 1833 -12940 A 0.2407 0.9333 4.6N 120.1W 76 256 08m46s
07059 -13 0971 Oct 22 04:16:15 1724 -12717 A 0.2171 0.9295 0.6S 122.4E 77 270 09m32s
07099 -12 0989 Nov 01 12:05:28 1619 -12494 A 0.1989 0.9261 5.1S 3.9E 79 283 10m14s
07141 -11 1007 Nov 12 20:00:23 1519 -12271 A 0.1855 0.9233 8.8S 115.6W 79 294 10m49s
07183 -10 1025 Nov 23 03:59:16 1424 -12048 A 0.1758 0.9211 11.5S 124.3E 80 303 11m14s
07225 -09 1043 Dec 04 12:01:48 1333 -11825 A 0.1691 0.9196 13.4S 3.7E 80 309 11m28s
07269 -08 1061 Dec 14 20:03:51 1247 -11602 A 0.1623 0.9187 14.3S 116.7W 81 312 11m29s
07313 -07 1079 Dec 26 04:06:10 1165 -11379 A 0.1559 0.9185 14.4S 123.0E 81 313 11m18s
07358 -06 1098 Jan 05 12:04:49 1088 -11156 A 0.1464 0.9189 13.8S 3.7E 82 311 10m56s
07404 -05 1116 Jan 16 20:00:57 1015 -10933 A 0.1350 0.9200 12.4S 115.2W 82 306 10m27s
07449 -04 1134 Jan 27 03:49:21 946 -10710 A 0.1170 0.9217 10.6S 127.9E 83 298 09m54s
07494 -03 1152 Feb 07 11:32:55 882 -10487 A 0.0950 0.9238 8.4S 12.0E 85 288 09m19s
07539 -02 1170 Feb 17 19:07:07 821 -10264 A 0.0651 0.9264 6.1S 101.5W 86 277 08m46s
07585 -01 1188 Feb 29 02:34:01 764 -10041 A 0.0292 0.9294 3.8S 146.9E 88 265 08m14s
07630 00 1206 Mar 11 09:50:27 711 -9818 Am -0.0156 0.9326 1.8S 37.9E 89 252 07m47s
07676 01 1224 Mar 21 16:59:55 662 -9595 A -0.0663 0.9359 0.0S 69.1W 86 239 07m23s
07721 02 1242 Apr 01 23:59:52 615 -9372 A -0.1253 0.9393 1.1N 173.6W 83 227 07m04s
07765 03 1260 Apr 12 06:51:59 572 -9149 A -0.1907 0.9426 1.5N 83.9E 79 216 06m48s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat Long Alt Width Dur.
s ° ° ° km
07809 04 1278 Apr 23 13:36:43 532 -8926 A -0.2623 0.9457 1.0N 16.7W 75 207 06m37s
07852 05 1296 May 03 20:15:52 494 -8703 A -0.3385 0.9485 0.5S 116.1W 70 200 06m27s
07894 06 1314 May 15 02:50:08 458 -8480 A -0.4192 0.9510 3.3S 145.5E 65 196 06m19s
07936 07 1332 May 25 09:20:33 425 -8257 A -0.5032 0.9531 7.3S 47.6E 60 197 06m10s
07977 08 1350 Jun 05 15:49:57 394 -8034 A -0.5883 0.9547 12.4S 50.7W 54 204 05m59s
08018 09 1368 Jun 15 22:19:08 365 -7811 A -0.6736 0.9557 18.9S 149.8W 48 218 05m43s
08059 10 1386 Jun 27 04:49:17 337 -7588 A -0.7583 0.9561 26.6S 110.0E 40 246 05m23s
08099 11 1404 Jul 07 11:22:59 311 -7365 A -0.8407 0.9558 35.9S 7.5E 33 299 05m00s
08139 12 1422 Jul 18 18:00:59 287 -7142 A -0.9197 0.9545 47.2S 98.5W 23 427 04m35s
08179 13 1440 Jul 29 00:45:41 264 -6919 As -0.9938 0.9505 66.1S 142.4E 5 - 04m02s
08219 14 1458 Aug 09 07:36:10 242 -6696 P -1.0636 0.8590 70.8S 20.6E 0
08259 15 1476 Aug 19 14:36:14 221 -6473 P -1.1260 0.7506 71.4S 97.8W 0
08299 16 1494 Aug 30 21:44:35 201 -6250 P -1.1821 0.6529 71.8S 141.3E 0
08341 17 1512 Sep 10 05:03:25 183 -6027 P -1.2305 0.5688 72.0S 17.4E 0
08383 18 1530 Sep 21 12:31:37 166 -5804 P -1.2718 0.4970 72.0S 108.9W 0
08424 19 1548 Oct 01 20:10:50 151 -5581 P -1.3049 0.4394 71.7S 122.3E 0
08465 20 1566 Oct 13 03:59:23 137 -5358 P -1.3312 0.3939 71.1S 8.6W 0
08506 21 1584 Nov 02 11:56:44 126 -5135 P -1.3510 0.3595 70.4S 141.1W 0
08547 22 1602 Nov 13 20:03:05 115 -4912 P -1.3643 0.3363 69.5S 84.8E 0
08589 23 1620 Nov 24 04:16:35 93 -4689 P -1.3729 0.3212 68.5S 50.6W 0
08633 24 1638 Dec 05 12:36:35 66 -4466 P -1.3768 0.3143 67.5S 173.0E 0
08678 25 1656 Dec 15 20:59:52 39 -4243 P -1.3790 0.3102 66.4S 36.3E 0
08724 26 1674 Dec 27 05:27:32 18 -4020 P -1.3784 0.3108 65.4S 100.9W 0
08769 27 1693 Jan 06 13:55:33 8 -3797 P -1.3788 0.3097 64.4S 122.2E 0
08814 28 1711 Jan 18 22:23:38 9 -3574 P -1.3796 0.3075 63.5S 14.4W 0
08859 29 1729 Jan 29 06:48:43 10 -3351 P -1.3838 0.2993 62.8S 149.9W 0
08905 30 1747 Feb 09 15:11:18 12 -3128 P -1.3908 0.2860 62.1S 75.5E 0
08950 31 1765 Feb 19 23:28:38 15 -2905 P -1.4028 0.2635 61.6S 57.7W 0
08996 32 1783 Mar 03 07:40:30 17 -2682 P -1.4200 0.2312 61.3S 170.5E 0
09041 33 1801 Mar 14 15:45:35 13 -2459 P -1.4434 0.1873 61.2S 40.6E 0
09086 34 1819 Mar 25 23:44:30 12 -2236 P -1.4722 0.1329 61.2S 87.9W 0
09131 35 1837 Apr 05 07:35:30 5 -2013 Pe -1.5081 0.0651 61.3S 145.6E 0
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"
