Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Saros Series 153

Introduction

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.


Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 153

Solar eclipses of Saros 153 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1870 Jul 28. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 3114 Aug 22. The total duration of Saros series 153 is 1244.08 years. In summary:

                      First Eclipse =   1870 Jul 28   11:02:31 TD
                       Last Eclipse =   3114 Aug 22   20:29:10 TD

                      Duration of Saros 153  =  1244.08 Years

Saros 153 is composed of 70 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 153
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 70100.0%
PartialP 21 30.0%
AnnularA 49 70.0%
TotalT 0 0.0%
Hybrid[3]H 0 0.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 153 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 153
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 49100.0%
Central (two limits) 43 87.8%
Central (one limit) 2 4.1%
Non-Central (one limit) 4 8.2%

The following string illustrates the sequence of the 70 eclipses in Saros 153: 13P 49A 8P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 153 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses are listed in the below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 153
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 2537 Sep 0507m11s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 2970 May 2601m26s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 2086 Dec 06 - 0.92709
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 3114 Aug 22 - 0.01779

Description of the Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 153

The catalog below lists concise details and local circumstances at greatest eclipse[5] for every solar eclipse in Saros 153. A description or explanation of each parameter listed in the catalog can be found in Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.

Several fields in the catalog link to web pages or files containing additional information for each eclipse (for the years -1999 through +3000). The following gives a brief explanation of each link.


For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Animation of Saros 153.



Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 153

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

09212 -34  1870 Jul 28  11:02:31      0  -1601   Pb   1.5044  0.0742  69.2N 170.9E   0             
09254 -33  1888 Aug 07  18:05:46     -6  -1378   P    1.4369  0.1983  70.1N  53.0E   0             
09296 -32  1906 Aug 20  01:12:50      6  -1155   P    1.3731  0.3147  70.8N  66.4W   0             
09338 -31  1924 Aug 30  08:23:00     24   -932   P    1.3123  0.4245  71.5N 172.9E   0             
09381 -30  1942 Sep 10  15:39:32     26   -709   P    1.2571  0.5230  71.9N  50.0E   0             
09421 -29  1960 Sep 20  22:59:56     33   -486   P    1.2057  0.6139  72.1N  74.1W   0             
09461 -28  1978 Oct 02  06:28:43     49   -263   P    1.1616  0.6905  72.0N 159.6E   0             
09500 -27  1996 Oct 12  14:03:04     62    -40   P    1.1227  0.7575  71.7N  32.1E   0             
09540 -26  2014 Oct 23  21:45:39     69    183   P    1.0908  0.8114  71.2N  97.2W   0             
09580 -25  2032 Nov 03  05:34:13     79    406   P    1.0643  0.8554  70.4N 132.6E   0             

09620 -24  2050 Nov 14  13:30:53     95    629   P    1.0447  0.8874  69.5N   1.0E   0             
09661 -23  2068 Nov 24  21:32:30    132    852   P    1.0299  0.9109  68.5N 131.1W   0             
09702 -22  2086 Dec 06  05:38:55    172   1075   P    1.0194  0.9271  67.4N  96.2E   0             
09743 -21  2104 Dec 17  13:48:27    214   1298   A+   1.0120  0.9381  66.4N  36.6W   0             
09784 -20  2122 Dec 28  22:00:56    258   1521   A+   1.0072  0.9450  65.3N 169.8W   0             
09825 -19  2141 Jan 08  06:12:38    304   1744   A+   1.0024  0.9522  64.3N  57.7E   0             
09867 -18  2159 Jan 19  14:23:26    347   1967   A+   0.9974  0.9600  63.4N  74.2W   0             
09910 -17  2177 Jan 29  22:30:30    387   2190   An   0.9897  0.9212  57.6N 165.1E   7   -   06m55s
09954 -16  2195 Feb 10  06:34:27    430   2413   An   0.9797  0.9218  55.2N  41.6E  11   -   06m52s
09999 -15  2213 Feb 21  14:30:14    474   2636   A    0.9635  0.9230  53.4N  78.6W  15 1080  06m44s

10043 -14  2231 Mar 04  22:20:24    520   2859   A    0.9430  0.9246  52.4N 163.0E  19  838  06m32s
10087 -13  2249 Mar 15  06:00:45    568   3082   A    0.9149  0.9266  52.0N  48.4E  23  666  06m18s
10132 -12  2267 Mar 26  13:33:45    619   3305   A    0.8810  0.9289  52.3N  63.7W  28  549  06m03s
10177 -11  2285 Apr 05  20:55:23    671   3528   A    0.8379  0.9315  52.9N 171.4W  33  459  05m50s
10222 -10  2303 Apr 18  04:09:26    726   3751   A    0.7889  0.9341  53.8N  83.7E  38  393  05m38s
10267 -09  2321 Apr 28  11:12:59    783   3974   A    0.7315  0.9367  54.5N  17.0W  43  341  05m30s
10312 -08  2339 May 09  18:08:04    841   4197   A    0.6672  0.9392  54.7N 114.5W  48  300  05m24s
10358 -07  2357 May 20  00:54:23    902   4420   A    0.5961  0.9415  53.9N 151.0E  53  269  05m24s
10403 -06  2375 May 31  07:34:33    965   4643   A    0.5200  0.9436  52.0N  57.9E  58  243  05m26s
10447 -05  2393 Jun 10  14:08:41   1030   4866   A    0.4389  0.9453  48.8N  34.4W  64  224  05m34s

10491 -04  2411 Jun 21  20:37:43   1097   5089   A    0.3537  0.9467  44.2N 126.9W  69  210  05m46s
10534 -03  2429 Jul 02  03:04:30   1166   5312   A    0.2668  0.9476  38.6N 139.6E  74  200  06m01s
10577 -02  2447 Jul 13  09:29:35   1237   5535   A    0.1786  0.9481  32.2N  45.1E  80  194  06m18s
10620 -01  2465 Jul 23  15:54:48   1310   5758   A    0.0904  0.9482  25.0N  50.6W  85  191  06m35s
10662  00  2483 Aug 03  22:21:18   1386   5981   A    0.0030  0.9479  17.4N 147.7W  90  192  06m50s
10704  01  2501 Aug 15  04:52:08   1463   6204   Am  -0.0810  0.9471   9.5N 113.4E  85  195  07m01s
10745  02  2519 Aug 26  11:27:49   1542   6427   A   -0.1610  0.9460   1.4N  12.7E  81  201  07m08s
10786  03  2537 Sep 05  18:08:59   1624   6650   A   -0.2368  0.9446   6.7S  89.6W  76  210  07m11s
10826  04  2555 Sep 17  00:58:18   1707   6873   A   -0.3061  0.9429  14.8S 165.9E  72  221  07m10s
10866  05  2573 Sep 27  07:55:50   1793   7096   A   -0.3690  0.9411  22.7S  59.4E  68  233  07m06s


Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 153

                         TD of
 Seq. Rel.   Calendar   Greatest          Luna  Ecl.           Ecl.                Sun Path  Central
 Num. Num.     Date      Eclipse     ΔT   Num.  Type  Gamma    Mag.    Lat   Long  Alt Width   Dur.
                                      s                                 °      °     °    km

10906  06  2591 Oct 08  15:02:49   1881   7319   A   -0.4245  0.9393  30.2S  49.1W  65  247  07m00s
10948  07  2609 Oct 19  22:18:05   1971   7542   A   -0.4734  0.9375  37.4S 159.2W  62  263  06m53s
10989  08  2627 Oct 31  05:43:51   2062   7765   A   -0.5140  0.9358  44.0S  89.1E  59  278  06m44s
11029  09  2645 Nov 10  13:18:36   2156   7988   A   -0.5477  0.9344  49.9S  23.6W  57  293  06m35s
11069  10  2663 Nov 21  21:02:01   2252   8211   A   -0.5747  0.9333  54.9S 136.6W  55  305  06m26s
11110  11  2681 Dec 02  04:53:55   2350   8434   A   -0.5952  0.9326  58.6S 110.4E  53  314  06m18s
11152  12  2699 Dec 13  12:52:50   2451   8657   A   -0.6106  0.9325  60.9S   2.3W  52  320  06m08s
11194  13  2717 Dec 24  20:58:06   2553   8880   A   -0.6210  0.9329  61.5S 115.6W  51  321  06m00s
11236  14  2736 Jan 05  05:06:12   2657   9103   A   -0.6300  0.9340  60.6S 130.0E  51  318  05m50s
11279  15  2754 Jan 15  13:18:44   2764   9326   A   -0.6358  0.9356  58.3S  13.1E  50  310  05m39s

11324  16  2772 Jan 26  21:31:18   2872   9549   A   -0.6426  0.9378  55.2S 105.7W  50  300  05m26s
11370  17  2790 Feb 06  05:44:15   2982   9772   A   -0.6495  0.9407  51.5S 133.7E  49  286  05m12s
11415  18  2808 Feb 17  13:53:37   3095   9995   A   -0.6601  0.9441  47.8S  12.9E  48  271  04m56s
11460  19  2826 Feb 27  22:01:00   3210  10218   A   -0.6729  0.9480  44.2S 108.3W  47  254  04m38s
11506  20  2844 Mar 10  06:02:50   3326  10441   A   -0.6913  0.9523  41.0S 131.5E  46  236  04m18s
11552  21  2862 Mar 21  13:59:08   3445  10664   A   -0.7148  0.9570  38.5S  12.4E  44  218  03m55s
11598  22  2880 Mar 31  21:48:29   3566  10887   A   -0.7447  0.9619  36.8S 105.1W  42  201  03m32s
11645  23  2898 Apr 12  05:31:42   3689  11110   A   -0.7801  0.9669  36.2S 138.9E  38  185  03m06s
11691  24  2916 Apr 23  13:07:22   3814  11333   A   -0.8223  0.9718  37.1S  24.8E  34  173  02m39s
11736  25  2934 May 04  20:36:37   3941  11556   A   -0.8706  0.9764  39.7S  87.5W  29  168  02m12s

11780  26  2952 May 15  03:59:11   4070  11779   A   -0.9249  0.9803  44.9S 162.2E  22  182  01m46s
11824  27  2970 May 26  11:17:06   4202  12002   A   -0.9834  0.9826  55.7S  55.7E  10  362  01m26s
11868  28  2988 Jun 05  18:28:53   4335  12225   P   -1.0476  0.9018  64.8S  51.6W   0             
-----  29  3006 Jun 18  01:38:21   4470  12448   P   -1.1143  0.7829  65.8S 168.4W   0             
-----  30  3024 Jun 28  08:44:29   4608  12671   P   -1.1841  0.6570  66.8S  75.2E   0             
-----  31  3042 Jul 09  15:51:12   4747  12894   P   -1.2542  0.5293  67.8S  41.7W   0             
-----  32  3060 Jul 19  22:56:05   4889  13117   P   -1.3262  0.3971  68.8S 158.6W   0             
-----  33  3078 Jul 31  06:04:38   5033  13340   P   -1.3958  0.2684  69.7S  82.9E   0             
-----  34  3096 Aug 10  13:14:10   5178  13563   P   -1.4650  0.1399  70.5S  36.3W   0             
-----  35  3114 Aug 22  20:29:10   5326  13786   Pe  -1.5304  0.0178  71.1S 157.4W   0             


Calendar

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..


Predictions

The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.


Footnotes

[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.

[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).

[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .

[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is nearly equal to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.


Acknowledgments

The information presented on this web page is based on data published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000. The individual global maps appearing in links (both GIF an animation) were extracted from full page plates appearing in Five Millennium Canon by Dan McGlaun. The Besselian elements were provided by Jean Meeus. Fred Espenak assumes full responsibility for the accuracy of all eclipse calculations.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak (NASA's GSFC)"


Return to:

Saros Series Catalog of Solar Eclipses

Periodicity of Solar Eclipses

Five Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses

2009 Sep 26